Intelligent Medical Garments with Graphene-Functionalized Smart-Cloth ECG Sensors

Yapıcı, Murat Kaya; Alkhidir, Tamador

doi:10.3390/s17040875

Cited by 141 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Passive devices do not require user input, but rather provide sensory data or function to the user, or to an external support point [12]. Examples include providing vital signs to medical staff (such as the Georgia Tech Wearable Motherboard, or Smart Shirt) [13,14], body armor cooling devices by police and military [15], or smart GPS tracking for the elderly suffering from dementia [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Thibodeau

Ignaszak

2020

Polymers

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A polyacrylamide-alginate hydrogel electrolyte, blended with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) as an electronically conductive fraction, allows for the creation of a flexible, durable, and resilient electrode. The MWCNT content is correlated with mechanical characteristics such as stretch modulus, tensile resistance, and electrical conductivity. The mechanical analysis demonstrates tensile strength that is comparable to similar hydrogels reported in the literature, with increasing strength for MWCNT-embedded hydrogels. The impedance spectroscopy reveals that the total resistance of electrodes decreases with increasing MWCNT content upon elongation and that bending and twisting do not obstruct their conductivity. The MWCNT-inserted hydrogels show mixed ionic and electronic conductivities, both within a range of 1-4 × 10 −2 S cm −1 in a steady state. In addition, the thermal stability of these materials increases with incrementing MWCNT content. This observation agrees with long-term charge-discharge cycling that shows enhanced electrochemical durability of the MWCNT-hydrogel hybrid when compared to pure hydrogel electrolyte. The hydrogel-carbon films demonstrate an increased interfacial double-layer current at a high MWCNT content (giving an area-specific capacitance of~30 mF cm −2 at 2.79 wt.% of MWCNT), which makes them promising candidates as printable and flexible electrodes for lightweight energy storage applications. The maximum content of MWCNT within the polymer electrolyte was estimated at 2.79 wt.%, giving a very elastic polymer electrode with good electrical characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Thibodeau

Ignaszak

2020

Polymers

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“…The simple and scalable nature of dip-coating allows the manufacturing of rolls of conductive fabrics with lower fabrication cost, and after cutting and sewing of the desired patch, it is also possible to attach textile electrodes onto an existing garment [74].…”

Section: Dip Coatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, they are helpful for offering a robust solution to realize smart clothing for personalized, point of care health monitoring. Textile platforms for wearable and continuous monitoring of ECG have been extensively studied [74,105,106,126,127]. Some of these wearable clothes are waterproof [107], while others were developed to encourage exercising and fitness through the routine monitoring of daily activities [128][129][130].…”

Section: Electrocardiography (Ecg)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable and Flexible Textile Electrodes for Biopotential Signal Monitoring: A review

et al. 2019

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Wearable electronics is a rapidly growing field that recently started to introduce successful commercial products into the consumer electronics market. Employment of biopotential signals in wearable systems as either biofeedbacks or control commands are expected to revolutionize many technologies including point of care health monitoring systems, rehabilitation devices, human–computer/machine interfaces (HCI/HMIs), and brain–computer interfaces (BCIs). Since electrodes are regarded as a decisive part of such products, they have been studied for almost a decade now, resulting in the emergence of textile electrodes. This study presents a systematic review of wearable textile electrodes in physiological signal monitoring, with discussions on the manufacturing of conductive textiles, metrics to assess their performance as electrodes, and an investigation of their application in the acquisition of critical biopotential signals for routine monitoring, assessment, and exploitation of cardiac (electrocardiography, ECG), neural (electroencephalography, EEG), muscular (electromyography, EMG), and ocular (electrooculography, EOG) functions.

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“…There are sensors for monitoring heart rate, respiration rate, blood pressure, blood leakage, pulse oxygenation, glucose levels, galvanic skin response or electrodermal activity. It is also possible to use embedded sensors to obtain electrocardiograms (ECGs) and electroencephalographies (EEGs) [65][66][67][68][69][70]. • Location sensors.…”

Section: Sensing Subsystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards The Internet of Smart Clothing: A Review on IoT Wearables and Garments for Creating Intelligent Connected E-Textiles

2018

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Technology has become ubiquitous, it is all around us and is becoming part of us. Together with the rise of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm and enabling technologies (e.g., Augmented Reality (AR), Cyber-Physical Systems, Artificial Intelligence (AI), blockchain or edge computing), smart wearables and IoT-based garments can potentially have a lot of influence by harmonizing functionality and the delight created by fashion. Thus, smart clothes look for a balance among fashion, engineering, interaction, user experience, cybersecurity, design and science to reinvent technologies that can anticipate needs and desires. Nowadays, the rapid convergence of textile and electronics is enabling the seamless and massive integration of sensors into textiles and the development of conductive yarn. The potential of smart fabrics, which can communicate with smartphones to process biometric information such as heart rate, temperature, breathing, stress, movement, acceleration, or even hormone levels, promises a new era for retail. This article reviews the main requirements for developing smart IoT-enabled garments and shows smart clothing potential impact on business models in the medium-term. Specifically, a global IoT architecture is proposed, the main types and components of smart IoT wearables and garments are presented, their main requirements are analyzed and some of the most recent smart clothing applications are studied. In this way, this article reviews the past and present of smart garments in order to provide guidelines for the future developers of a network where garments will be connected like other IoT objects: the Internet-of-Smart-Clothing.

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Intelligent Medical Garments with Graphene-Functionalized Smart-Cloth ECG Sensors

Cited by 141 publications

References 36 publications

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Flexible Electrode Based on MWCNT Embedded in a Cross-Linked Acrylamide/Alginate Blend: Conductivity vs. Stretching

Wearable and Flexible Textile Electrodes for Biopotential Signal Monitoring: A review

Towards The Internet of Smart Clothing: A Review on IoT Wearables and Garments for Creating Intelligent Connected E-Textiles

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