Intelligent micro/nanorobots based on biotemplates

Chen, Ting; Cai, Yuepeng; Ren, Biye; Sánchez, Beatriz Jurado; Dong, Renfeng

doi:10.1039/d4mh00114a

Mater. Horiz.

2024

DOI: 10.1039/d4mh00114a

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Intelligent micro/nanorobots based on biotemplates

Ting Chen,

Yuepeng Cai,

Biye Ren

et al.

Abstract: Intelligent micro/nanorobots based on nature materials as biotemplates are considered to be one of the most promising robots in the future in microscopic field. Due to the advantages of biotemplate...

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Cited by 5 publications

References 168 publications

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Biohybrid Micro/Nanorobots: Pioneering the Next Generation of Medical Technology

Zarepour,

Khosravi,

Iravani

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Biohybrid micro/nanorobots hold a great potential for advancing biomedical research. These tiny structures, designed to mimic biological organisms, offer a promising method for targeted drug delivery, tissue engineering, biosensing/imaging, and cancer therapy, among other applications. The integration of biology and robotics opens new possibilities for minimally invasive surgeries and personalized healthcare solutions. The key challenges in the development of biohybrid micro/nanorobots include ensuring biocompatibility, addressing manufacturing scalability, enhancing navigation and localization capabilities, maintaining stability in dynamic biological environments, navigating regulatory hurdles, and successfully translating these innovative technologies into clinical applications. Herein, the recent advancements, challenges, and future perspectives related to the biomedical applications of biohybrid micro/nanorobots are described. Indeed, this review sheds light on the cutting‐edge developments in this field, providing researchers with an updated overview of the current potential of biohybrid micro/nanorobots in the realm of biomedical applications, and offering insights into their practical applications. Furthermore, it delves into recent advancements in the field of biohybrid micro/nanorobotics, providing a comprehensive analysis of the current state‐of‐the‐art technologies and their future applications in the biomedical field.

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Biohybrid Micro/Nanorobots: Pioneering the Next Generation of Medical Technology

Zarepour,

Khosravi,

Iravani

et al. 2024

Adv Healthcare Materials

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Arbitrary Construction of Versatile NIR‐Driven Microrobots

Li,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Emerging light‐driven micro/nanorobots (LMNRs) showcase profound potential for sophisticated manipulation and various applications. However, the realization of a versatile and straightforward fabrication technique remains a challenging pursuit. This study introduces an innovative bulk heterojunction organic semiconductor solar cell (OSC)‐based spin‐coating approach, aiming to facilitate the arbitrary construction of LMNRs. Leveraging the distinctive properties of a near‐infrared (NIR)‐responsive organic semiconductor heterojunction solution, this technique enables uniform coating across various dimensional structures (0D, 1D, 2D, 3D) to be LMNRs, denoted as “motorization.” The film, with a slender profile measuring ≈140 nm in thickness, effectively preserves the original morphology of objects while imparting actuation capabilities exceeding hundreds of times their own weight. The propelled motion of these microrobots is realized through NIR‐driven photoelectrochemical reaction‐induced self‐diffusiophoresis, showcasing a versatile array of controllable motion profiles. The strategic customization of arbitrary microrobot construction addresses specific applications, ranging from 0D microrobots inducing living crystal formation to intricate, multidimensional structures designed for tasks such as microplastic extraction, cargo delivery, and phototactic precise maneuvers. This study advances user‐friendly and versatile LMNR technologies, unlocking new possibilities for various applications, signaling a transformative era in multifunctional micro/nanorobot technologies.

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Revolutionizing Tetracycline Hydrochloride Remediation: 3D Motile Light‐Driven MOFs Based Micromotors in Harsh Saline Environments

Zhao,

Lin,

et al. 2024

Advanced Science

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Traditional light‐driven metal‐organic‐frameworks (MOFs)‐based micromotors (MOFtors) are typically constrained to two‐dimensional (2D) motion under ultraviolet or near‐infrared light and often demonstrate instability and susceptibility to ions in high‐saline environments. This limitation is particularly relevant to employing micromotors in water purification, as real wastewater is frequently coupled with high salinity. In response to these challenges, ultrastable MOFtors capable of three‐dimensional (3D) motion under a broad spectrum of light through thermophoresis and electrophoresis are successfully synthesized. The MOFtors integrated photocatalytic porphyrin MOFs (PCN‐224) with a photothermal component made of polypyrrole (PPy) by three distinct methodologies, resulting in micromotors with different motion behavior and catalytic performance. Impressively, the optimized MOFtors display exceptional maximum velocity of 1305 ± 327 µm s−1 under blue light and 2357 ± 453 µm s−1 under UV light. In harsh saline environments, these MOFtors are not only maintain high motility but also exhibit superior tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) removal efficiency of 3578 ± 510 mg g−1, coupling with sulfate radical‐based advanced oxidation processes and peroxymonosulfate. This research underscores the significant potential of highly efficient MOFtors with robust photocatalytic activity in effectively removing TCH in challenging saline conditions, representing a substantial advancement in applying MOFtors within real‐world water treatment technologies.

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Intelligent micro/nanorobots based on biotemplates

Abstract: Intelligent micro/nanorobots based on nature materials as biotemplates are considered to be one of the most promising robots in the future in microscopic field. Due to the advantages of biotemplate...

Cited by 5 publications

References 168 publications

Biohybrid Micro/Nanorobots: Pioneering the Next Generation of Medical Technology

Biohybrid Micro/Nanorobots: Pioneering the Next Generation of Medical Technology

Arbitrary Construction of Versatile NIR‐Driven Microrobots

Revolutionizing Tetracycline Hydrochloride Remediation: 3D Motile Light‐Driven MOFs Based Micromotors in Harsh Saline Environments

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