Intelligibility of Time-Compressed CNC Monosyllables

Beasley, Daniel S.; Schwimmer, Shelley; Rintelmann, William F.

doi:10.1044/jshr.1502.340

Cited by 47 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…As early as the 1950s, Fairbanks and colleagues used magnetic tape recorders with different playback speeds to perform uniform time compression and expansion of speech sounds ͑Fairbanks et al, 1954͒. Depending on the original speaking rate and the talker's gender, normal-hearing listeners could generally tolerate time-compressed and expanded speech for ratios up to two ͑Fairbanks et al., 1957;Beasley et al, 1972͒. However, elderly listeners and persons with certain central auditory processing disorders were found to have a particular difficulty in perceiving the time-compressed speech ͑Kurdziel et al., 1976;Gordon-Salant and Fitzgibbons, 1995; Using an explicit pitch-tracking method, coupled with manipulations of the input and output sampling rates, more recent digital time-scaling algorithms could uniformly time compress and expand speech without changing voice pitch ͑Malah, 1979͒.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal properties in clear speech perception

Liu

Zeng

2006

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three experiments were conducted to study relative contributions of speaking rate, temporal envelope, and temporal fine structure to clear speech perception. Experiment I used uniform time scaling to match the speaking rate between clear and conversational speech. Experiment II decreased the speaking rate in conversational speech without processing artifacts by increasing silent gaps between phonetic segments. Experiment III created "auditory chimeras" by mixing the temporal envelope of clear speech with the fine structure of conversational speech, and vice versa. Speech intelligibility in normal-hearing listeners was measured over a wide range of signal-to-noise ratios to derive speech reception thresholds ͑SRT͒. The results showed that processing artifacts in uniform time scaling, particularly time compression, reduced speech intelligibility. Inserting gaps in conversational speech improved the SRT by 1.3 dB, but this improvement might be a result of increased short-term signal-to-noise ratios during level normalization. Data from auditory chimeras indicated that the temporal envelope cue contributed more to the clear speech advantage at high signal-to-noise ratios, whereas the temporal fine structure cue contributed more at low signal-to-noise ratios. Taken together, these results suggest that acoustic cues for the clear speech advantage are multiple and distributed.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal properties in clear speech perception

Liu

Zeng

2006

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The first one was developed by Beasley et al in 1972, using Northwestern University Auditory Test number 6 word lists (NU-6), which were compressed by the electro-mechanic time compression method. 3,6,7 The original stimulus was submitted to a number of compressions proportional to an area from 0% to 70%, at 10% intervals. It is worth noting that there are other methods for the modification of the speech rate: the rate can be increased or decreased by an alteration in the speaker's speech pattern (articulation pattern) or by recording alteration (analogical or digital).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Time-Compressed Speech Test in Brazilian Portuguese

Rabelo

Schochat

2007

Clinics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rabelo CM, Schochat E. Time-compressed speech test in brazilian portuguese. Clinics. 2007;62(3):261-72. INTRODUCTION:The time-compressed speech test has existed since the 1970s. It is sensitive for evaluating auditory closure. However, it is not used in Brazil because until recently, it had not been developed in Portuguese. PURPOSE: To develop a compressed speech test in Portuguese, to apply it to normal-hearing adults, and to verify which of the compressed lists (50%, 60%, or 70%) is the most appropriate to be part of a set of auditory processing tests. METHODS: 144 normal-hearing adults, distributed homogeneously between both genders, were assessed. The compressed speech tests were applied using monosyllables and disyllables according to 8 previously established sequences, and the results were compared with respect to the initial ear, to the order of presentation, and to the kind of test. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between ears. The 50%, 60% and 70% presentation order produced a better average of correct responses than the 70%, 60% and 50% one. There was a significant difference (P <.001) between the results of the tests comprising lists of monosyllables compared to those comprising disyllables. In both tests (with monosyllables and disyllables) the average of correct responses decreased as the compression increased. CONCLUSION: The monosyllabic and disyllabic lists with 60% compression appeared to be more stable than the others, with the average of correct responses around 90%.KEYWORDS: Speech perception. Hearing tests. Speech discrimination tests. Speech intelligibility. INTRODUCTIONThe communication process among individuals happens more efficiently when the individual who speaks is able to express himself adequately, and the one who hears is able to understand what is being said.In the hearing and decoding process of what is being said, an interrelation between the integrity of the peripheral auditory system ("the hearing") and the central auditory system ("the decoding") is observed. The abilities to process the hearing information, the auditory processing abilities, have been observed to be very important for effective communication.Auditory processing studies explore the abilities involved in the interpretation of the sound stimulus and the involvement of several mechanisms of the auditory system that are responsible for processing verbal and nonverbal stimuli. 1In 1992, Stecker reported that audiologists have developed unique methods for the evaluation of auditory processing disorders, such that the auditory system functioning may be evaluated in an adequately controlled environment with careful use of the desired stimulus. Nowadays, there is a great variety of tests for the evaluation of the auditory processing. However, it is difficult to determine which test should be applied in order to obtain a conclusive diagnosis. In the evaluation of the auditory processing, both monotic and dichotic tests are used. The first studies are from 1957, when Callearo and Lazaroni studied speech i...

show abstract

“…Time-Compressed speech (see Beasley, Schwimmer & Rintelmann, 1972): listeners were asked to repeat words from the W-22 list compressed by 60 percent (TC60), presented at 50 dB SL (re/ SRT). …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline of speech understanding and auditory thresholds in the elderly

Divenyi

Stark

Haupt

2005

The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A group of 29 elderly subjects between 60.0 and 83.7 years of age at the beginning of the study, and whose hearing loss was not greater than moderate, was tested twice, an average of 5.27 years apart. The tests measured pure-tone thresholds, word recognition in quiet, and a set of tests of understanding speech with various types of distortion (low-pass filtering, time compression) or interference (single speaker, babble noise, reverberation). Performance declined consistently and significantly between the two testing phases. In addition, the variability of speech understanding measures increased significantly between testing phases, though the variability of audiometric measurements did not. A right-ear superiority was observed but this lateral asymmetry did not increase between testing phases. Using a group of young subjects with normal hearing to establish a baseline, we found that the decline of speech understanding measures accelerated significantly relative to the decline in audiometric measures in the seventh to ninth decades of life. On the assumption that speech understanding depends linearly on age and audiometric variables, there is evidence that this linear relationship changes with age, suggesting that not only the accuracy but also the nature of speech understanding evolves as we mature.

show abstract

Intelligibility of Time-Compressed CNC Monosyllables

Cited by 47 publications

References 0 publications

Temporal properties in clear speech perception

Temporal properties in clear speech perception

Time-Compressed Speech Test in Brazilian Portuguese

Decline of speech understanding and auditory thresholds in the elderly

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About