1980
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0477(1980)061<0682:iavawa>2.0.co;2
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Intense Atmospheric Vortices Associated with a 1000 MW Fire

Abstract: Observations of vortices of various types produced in a large thermal plume are described. The apparatus used to generate the plume is the M£teotron, an array of 105 fuel oil burners with a total heat output of approximately 1000 MW. Three types of vortices have been observed: 1) large counter-rotating rolls in the downstream plume, 2) intense small-scale vortices resembling very strong dust devils seen at the surface on the downwind side of the plume, and 3) very large columnar vortices produced when the lowe… Show more

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Cited by 82 publications
(68 citation statements)
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“…Extensive and intense thermal energy released by bushfires can give rise to dramatic pyro-convection plume as seen during the 2009 Victoria fires. The resultant plume can cause damages that have been rated at an equivalence of F-2 on the Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale [19], with wind speeds of between 51-70 m/s (180-250 km/h).…”
Section: Nature Of Bushfire Weather Conditions and Bushfire Attackmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Extensive and intense thermal energy released by bushfires can give rise to dramatic pyro-convection plume as seen during the 2009 Victoria fires. The resultant plume can cause damages that have been rated at an equivalence of F-2 on the Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale [19], with wind speeds of between 51-70 m/s (180-250 km/h).…”
Section: Nature Of Bushfire Weather Conditions and Bushfire Attackmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The phenomenon of wind and fire plume interactions at large scales up to a few hundred meters or even kilometers above the ground has attracted attention of researchers for many years [4,[19][20][21]. In a relatively recent study, Cunningham et al [22] investigated vortex formation of buoyant plumes generated from wildland fires of circular or elliptical ring sources.…”
Section: Overviewmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…This makes temperature and velocity highest at the centerline. Due to high velocity at the bubble centerline, internal buoyant forces produce vortex tubes that are circular rings concentric with the vertical axis (see [4,8]. Depending on vertical potential temperature and velocity gradients in the bubble, the vortices can either be roll or cellular.…”
Section: Structure Of Thermal Bubblesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The roll vortices have been observed and simulated in wildfires under light to moderate windy conditions [17,18,10]. The vortices' air flow pattern is such that it entrains emissions, ambient air and surrounding materials into smoke column making the fire thermal dense at the centerline and diffused at its periphery [8,32]. The entrained heated material between the roll vortices creates a radio ray diverging biconcave thermal lens.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, since atmospheric stability, large-scale turbulent diffusion, and conceivably radiative transfer enter significantly in firestorms, large-scale experiments seem required. Perhaps the most noteworthy of these involve the so-called Meteotron at the Centre de Recherches Atmospheriques Henri Dessens on the plateau of Lannemezan, 600 m above sea level and 20 km north of the Central Pyrenees Mountains of France (Dessens 1962(Dessens , 1964Benech 1976;Church et al 1980). Japanese homes at this time were made of light strips of resinous wood, with or without a thin plaster covering, the partitions being sliding woodand-paper panels.…”
Section: Experimental Firestormsmentioning
confidence: 99%