Intensification of extractive desulfurization in micro-channels using triethylamine/propionic acid as deep eutectic solvent

Mahdavi, Ahmad Reza; Sobati, Mohammad Amin; Movahedirad, Salman

doi:10.1016/j.cep.2023.109459

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Therefore, DBT and its alkylated derivatives can be extracted from the real diesel fuel using this EDS technique. Our recent study confirmed the potential of the present desulfurization process as a complementary HDS process to produce ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

“…It should be noted that the extraction capacity of TEA/Pr [1:3] and its regeneration were evaluated in our recent article. 47 Based on the selected parameters in the present study, the flow pattern in the microchannel is influenced by the DES flow rate and RF/D. It should be noted that the main observed flow pattern in the microchannel was the slug flow pattern, and the throat annular pattern was also seen in limited experimental runs based on the selected range for variables in the RSM.…”

Section: Interaction Between Variables On the Responsementioning

confidence: 66%

“…This can be attributed to the mentioned pull/push effect of the DES flow rate on sulfur removal at a high flow rate range and a high extraction capability of TEA/Pr [1:3] in the selected range for the initial sulfur content of the fuel. It should be noted that the extraction capacity of TEA/Pr [1:3] and its regeneration were evaluated in our recent article …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our recent study confirmed the potential of the present desulfurization process as a complementary HDS process to produce ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD). 47 Table 10 presents the outcomes of different studies on the extractive desulfurization of real fuel in the microchannels. As can be observed, the majority of investigations has been conducted using traditional solvents (e.g., DMF).…”

Section: Interaction Between Variables On the Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Extractive Desulfurization in Microchannel Contactors Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Optimization Using Central Composite Design (CCD) and Flow Pattern Mapping

Mahdavi,

Sobati,

Movahedirad

2023

Energy Fuels

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In the present study, the optimization of extractive desulfurization in the microchannels was investigated using a deep eutectic solvent (DES). The influence of some operating and microchannel geometrical parameters, including the initial sulfur concentration of fuel, the length of the microchannel, the DES flow rate, and the ratio of fuel to DES flow rate (RF/D), on sulfur removal was investigated using response surface methodology (RSM). Moreover, the flow pattern map in the microchannels was investigated. In this regard, different flow patterns of slug, lengthy slug, smooth annular, throat annular, wavy annular, and droplet were observed in the microchannels applied in the extractive desulfurization (EDS) process. Besides, the effects of the inertial force, interfacial tension force, and viscosity force on the different flow patterns were discussed by analyzing the capillary number, the Weber number, and the Reynolds number. It was found that the most effective regime in the EDS process in the microchannel is the slug flow pattern in which the interfacial tension force (6 × 10 −5 < Weber number < 0.82767) is dominant. Based on the analysis of the RSM proposed model, it was also found that the RF/D is the main influential parameter on sulfur removal, and 73.2% sulfur removal was achieved in the microchannel under the optimum conditions in a very short residence time of 2.5 s. The results also confirmed the capability of this EDS process for sulfur removal from real diesel fuel.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Interaction Between Variables On the Responsementioning

confidence: 66%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interaction Between Variables On the Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

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Extractive Desulfurization in Microchannel Contactors Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Optimization Using Central Composite Design (CCD) and Flow Pattern Mapping

Mahdavi,

Sobati,

Movahedirad

2023

Energy Fuels

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“…From the exposed assumptions, it is evident that the literature has highlighted the performance of EDS and demonstrated that the decrease in the diameter of microchannels led to improvements in EDS. Therefore, conducting experiments at smaller diameters and low volumetric flow rates results in higher volumetric mass transfer coefficients due to a smaller film thickness, a greater number of slugs, and a larger interfacial area, implying improvements in mass transfer. − Based on these aspects, the geometric parameters of this study used microchannels of 0.5 mm in diameter to ensure high performance in mass transfer and channels of 1.0 m in length in order to direct the mass transfer gradients to conditions close to equilibrium. In this context, the present work aims to analyze the use of PEG 300 for EDS in microfluidics using hexadecane as a MF to emulate diesel.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diesel Desulfurization Experiments in Microchannels with PEG 300: An Understanding of Extractive Deep Desulfurization

Santiago,

Silva,

Sobrinho

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Conventional methods for removing sulfur compounds perform poorly when streams are treated with refractory compounds such as dibenzothiophene (DBT) and its derivatives. Current studies have directed efforts to investigate extractive desulfurization (EDS) using microdevices. Microdevices are units with micrometer-sized channels that enhance the mass and heat transfer phenomena. For EDS in microdevices to be viable, it is essential to choose the appropriate extractor solvent. Among the possibilities, an excellent candidate is polyethylene glycol (PEG). The present work aims to analyze the use of PEG 300 for EDS in microfluidics using hexadecane as a model fuel to emulate diesel. The experiments followed the logic of a fractional experimental design that allowed extractive solvent insights into deep desulfurization. In addition, the mass transfer phenomena involved and the application of the best experimental conditions in a real diesel sample were evaluated. The results obtained with model fuel were able to achieve 99.36% DBT removal with a 1.0 min residence time, a 1:1 volumetric ratio, and three extraction cycles. Furthermore, by applying the best experimental conditions to diesel, the total sulfur concentration decreased from 1646 to 312 ppm, resulting in an extractive efficiency of 81.04%.

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Construction of large-aperture mesoporous silica spheres supported polyoxometalate heterogeneous catalysts and their high-efficiency for the ultra-deep desulfurization

Wu,

Ma,

et al. 2024

Fuel

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Intensification of extractive desulfurization in micro-channels using triethylamine/propionic acid as deep eutectic solvent

Cited by 6 publications

References 73 publications

Extractive Desulfurization in Microchannel Contactors Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Optimization Using Central Composite Design (CCD) and Flow Pattern Mapping

Extractive Desulfurization in Microchannel Contactors Using Deep Eutectic Solvents: Optimization Using Central Composite Design (CCD) and Flow Pattern Mapping

Diesel Desulfurization Experiments in Microchannels with PEG 300: An Understanding of Extractive Deep Desulfurization

Construction of large-aperture mesoporous silica spheres supported polyoxometalate heterogeneous catalysts and their high-efficiency for the ultra-deep desulfurization

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