Intensity Control During Block-Periodized High-Intensity Training: Heart Rate and Lactate Concentration During Three Annual Seasons in World-Class Cross-Country Skiers

Karlsen, Trine; Solli, Guro Strøm; Samdal, Svein T.; Sandbakk, Øyvind

doi:10.3389/fspor.2020.549407

Cited by 7 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The training method is flexible and changeable, which can carry out interval training for athletes of different events and at the same training stage and can combine multidimensional training methods to carry out efficient sports training to achieve training results. It makes the training of interval training in various projects more frequent and in-depth and also more in-depth and feasible [ 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Fitness Recovery of Athletes Based on High-Intensity Sports Intermittent Training

Yang

2022

BioMed Research International

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Baseball itself is a new sport. In the process of training, teachers often use traditional training methods, which leads to unsatisfactory training results. High-intensity intermittent and intensive interval training can better improve the efficiency of athletes’ oxidation and energy supply and ultimately play a positive role in improving athletes’ performance. This paper takes the influence of high-intensity and intensive interval training on the special endurance of baseball players as the research object. A series of functional training programs are developed through adaptive training, testing, coordination training, and recovery training. Through the use of experimental means to understand the influence of high-intensity interval training and intensive interval training on the physical fitness of baseball players, the paper is aimed at providing ways and means to improve the physical fitness level of baseball players in the future. Based on the experimental test data, functional training is different from traditional training methods to make up for the lack of training research. It is to improve the competitive ability of our baseball players and promote the development of our baseball. It plays an active role in improving the specific endurance, speed, and intermittent endurance of baseball players.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Fitness Recovery of Athletes Based on High-Intensity Sports Intermittent Training

Yang

2022

BioMed Research International

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“…This may indicate that the anaerobic metabolic energy supply ratio during treadmill running was the same as that during ground running. Blood lactate concentration acts as a biochemical index that is commonly used in sports training, which can scientifically evaluate the intensity of the exercise load [16]. In this study, participants' lactate did not change much regardless of the type of running protocol, which may be due to the better aerobic endurance level of the participants and the body's predominant use of aerobic energy supply.…”

Section: Effect Of Ground and Treadmill Running On Blood Glucose And Lactatementioning

confidence: 69%

The Effects of Ground and Treadmill Running on Energy Metabolism and Muscle Contractile Properties: A Randomized Cross-Over Study

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2021

J. of SCI. IN SPORT AND EXERCISE

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Purpose This study aimed to compare the effects of ground and treadmill running on energy metabolism and muscle contractile properties, providing a basis for the general public to choose running venues. Methods Ten male college students (age, 20.10 ± 1.53 years; height, 176.20 ± 5.49 cm; weight, 72.14 ± 8.25 kg; body fat percent, 12.41% ± 4.65%) were recruited in this study. Energy expenditure (EE) was measured using the accelerometer (GT9X) combined with specific estimation equations. Average heart rate (HR) was measured using a heart rate band (Polar). Muscle contractile properties were assessed by measuring muscle displacement (Dm) and contraction velocity (Vc) using tensiomyography (TMG-S1). Blood glucose (Glu) and lactate (Lac) were measured by portable devices (eB-G and Lactate Scout). The running speed was 9 km/h and the duration was 25 min. Two-way ANOVA (protocol × time) was used to analyze the effect of running protocols on energy metabolism and muscle contractile properties. Results EE of treadmill running was significantly higher than EE of ground running (protocol main effect, P < 0.001), and HR of treadmill running was significantly higher than that of ground running in the first testing time (protocol simple effect, P = 0.026; protocol × time interaction P = 0.043). The decrease in Dm of the rectus femoris after treadmill running was significantly higher than that of ground running (protocol main effect, P = 0.009). The interaction of different running protocols and testing times on Lac was significant (P = 0.025), but all results of the simple effects analysis were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion Our study found a difference in energy expenditure between treadmill and ground running at 9 km/h with duration of 25 min. In addition, treadmills are more likely to cause a decrease in muscle displacement distance of the rectus femoris measured after exercise than ground running. Future studies are needed to further investigate whether the differences are induced by internal metabolism or the environmental conditions of running.

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“…However, as the authors discuss, no advantage of HIT blocking could be related to performing a large amount of LIT the last week prior to posttesting, a long break between every 4-min HIT work interval (6 min), and a large HIT stimulus (nine sessions in 1 week) with no specific recovery period before posttesting. The importance of reducing the training load both before and after a HIT microcycle has recently been emphasised (19,44) and implemented in the present study design. The main physiological determinants of endurance performance are VO 2max , fractional utilisation of VO 2max and work economy (45).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 6-day high-intensity interval microcycle improves indicators of endurance performance in elite cross-country skiers

Rønnestad

Bjerkrheim

Hansen

et al. 2022

Front. Sports Act. Living

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PurposeThe aim of this study was to compare the effects of a 6-day high-intensity interval (HIT) block [BLOCK, n = 12, maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max = 69. 6 ± 4.3 mL·min−1·kg−1)] with a time-matched period with usual training (CON, n = 12, V̇O2max = 69.2 ± 4.2 mL·min−1·kg−1) in well-trained cross-country (XC) skiers on physiological determinants and indicators of endurance performance. Furthermore, the study aimed to investigate the acute physiological responses, including time ≥90% of V̇O2max, and its associated reliability during repeated HIT sessions in the HIT microcycle.MethodsBefore the 6-day HIT block and following 5 days of recovery after the HIT block, both groups were tested on indicators of endurance performance. To quantify time ≥90% of V̇O2max during interval sessions in the HIT block, V̇O2 measurements were performed on the 1st, 2nd, and last HIT session in BLOCK.ResultsBLOCK had a larger improvement than CON in maximal 1-min velocity achieved during the V̇O2max test (3.1 ± 3.1% vs. 1.2 ± 1.6%, respectively; p = 0.010) and velocity corresponding to 4 mmol·L−1 blood lactate (3.2 ± 2.9% vs. 0.6 ± 2.1%, respectively; p = 0.024). During submaximal exercise, BLOCK displayed a larger reduction in respiratory exchange ratio, blood lactate concentration, heart rate, and rate of perceived exertion (p < 0.05) and a tendency towards less energy expenditure compared to CON (p = 0.073). The ICC of time ≥90% V̇O2max in the present study was 0.57, which indicates moderate reliability.ConclusionsIn well-trained XC skiers, BLOCK induced superior changes in indicators of endurance performance compared with CON, while time ≥90% of V̇O2max during the HIT sessions in the 6-day block had a moderate reliability.

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Intensity Control During Block-Periodized High-Intensity Training: Heart Rate and Lactate Concentration During Three Annual Seasons in World-Class Cross-Country Skiers

Cited by 7 publications

References 34 publications

Physical Fitness Recovery of Athletes Based on High-Intensity Sports Intermittent Training

Physical Fitness Recovery of Athletes Based on High-Intensity Sports Intermittent Training

The Effects of Ground and Treadmill Running on Energy Metabolism and Muscle Contractile Properties: A Randomized Cross-Over Study

A 6-day high-intensity interval microcycle improves indicators of endurance performance in elite cross-country skiers

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