Intensity of soil disturbance shapes response trait diversity of weed communities: The long-term effects of different tillage systems

Plaza, Eva Hernández; Navarrete, L.; González‐Andújar, José Luis

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2015.03.031

Cited by 48 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Az átál-lás után a gyomok többet fordítottak a gyökérrendszerük fenntartására, mint a magprodukcióra. Ugyanakkor, Hernández Plaza et al (2015) spanyolországi tanulmányukban arról számoltak be, hogy a talajművelés nélküli gazdálkodás a magtömeg könnyebbé válása és a nagyobb maghozam irányába hatott. Ez utób-bi kutatási témát tovább folytatva Armengot et al (2016) rámutattak, hogy csökkentett talajművelés esetén alacsonyabb termetűek voltak a gyomnövények; a hagyományos talajművelésben viszont kisebb magprodukcióval rendelkeztek a gyomtársulások, valamint gyérebb volt az évelő gyomok abundanciája is.…”

Section: Funkciós Megközelítésunclassified

Ökológiai és agrotechnikai tényezők hatása a szántóföldi gyomtársulások faj- és jellegösszetételére = Effects of environmental and management factors on species and trait composition in arable weed communities

Pinke¹

2016

Botanikai Közlemények

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Kulcsszavak: agroökológia, gyomfelvételezés, gyomfl óra, gyomvegetáció, növényi jellegek.Összefoglalás: A gyomvegetáció kutatásának egyik izgalmas témaköre a társulások ösz-szetételének kialakításában szerepet játszó legfontosabb ökológiai és agrotechnikai té-nyezők azonosítása. Ez a szemle a témakör elmúlt 15 évben megjelent publikációinak eredményeit tekinti át. A fl orisztikai megközelítésen alapuló tanulmányokban hat ökoló-giai (tengerszint feletti magasság, szezonalitás, hőmérséklet, csapadék, talaj kémhatása és szerkezete) és három agrotechnikai (kultúrnövény, elővetemény, intenzifi káció mértéke) tényezőt azonosították leggyakrabban, mint a szántóföldi gyomtársulások fajösszetételét befolyásoló leglényegesebb faktorokat. Megállapítható, hogy egy tényező gradiensének hosszúsága és hatásának erőssége között általában pozitív korreláció áll fenn. A funkciós megközelítés alapján készült tanulmányokban leggyakrabban a gyomfajok termete, magmérete, magprodukciója, csírázási és virágzási időszaka, valamint életformája és a specifi kusan vizsgált tényezők között találtak szignifi káns összefüggéseket.

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Section: Funkciós Megközelítésunclassified

Ökológiai és agrotechnikai tényezők hatása a szántóföldi gyomtársulások faj- és jellegösszetételére = Effects of environmental and management factors on species and trait composition in arable weed communities

Pinke¹

2016

Botanikai Közlemények

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“…Light penetration in agricultural fields has also been positively associated with species richness (Kleijn and van der Voort 1997;Seifert et al 2014). Furthermore, disturbances created by agricultural practices could result in new niches by providing new resources through elimination of established, more competitive species (Hernández Plaza et al 2015). Although weed control was more intensive in the turn area than in other management areas, this area had higher fertility (e.g., several fertilizer applications) than the irrigation canal and drainage and more light than the row and furrow because it was the crop area closest to the edge of the field (Kleijn and van der Voort 1997).…”

Section: Differentiation Among Management Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the turn area was one of the most disturbed management areas in the study. This finding might be the result of a trade-off between weed mortality and resources for weed growth (Musters et al 2009) and the potential increase in weed trait diversity that can be favored by disturbance (Grime 2006;Hernández Plaza et al 2015). In less disturbed environments such as grasslands, the application of herbicides and fertilizer has a negative impact on plant richness (Kleijn and van der Voort 1997;Storkey et al 2015), but nutrient addition can greatly favor species that can take advantage of those nutrients (Kleijn and Snoeijing 1997).…”

Section: Differentiation Among Management Areasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and Spatial Heterogeneity of Weed Communities in a Sugarcane Cropping System in the Dry Tropics of Costa Rica

León

Agüero²,

Calderón³

2016

Weed Sci

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Weed diversity, structure, and distribution within and outside agricultural fields affect not only ecological processes but also weed management strategies. We studied how areas managed differently within and outside the field determine weed communities in a sugarcane cropping system in the dry tropics of Costa Rica. A total of 120 weed species were detected, which was similar to surveys conducted in subtropical and temperate conditions. Weed species richness was highest in undisturbed field borders and lowest in rows and furrows. The area where tractors turn within the field (turn area) had similar richness compared with the borders, despite being one of the most disturbed management areas studied. The most predominant weed species were divided between generalists and species that exhibited clear preferences for management area or soil texture. Soil texture was more important for determining weed community structure than management area when considering weed species affecting weed control decisions. The results indicated that disturbance in the management area and, especially, weed control practices are critical factors affecting weed diversity, but availability of resources for weed growth such as nutrients, soil moisture, and light can mitigate some of the limitations imposed by weed control on weed diversity, especially in the turn area. Differences in weed communities between management areas within fields indicated the existence of conditions that favor key weed species, and this information can be used to anticipate their population growth and help determine when and where more intensive control should be implemented. Nomenclature: sugarcane, Saccharum officinarum L.

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“…Inverting soil, however, can relocate buried seeds back to the topsoil (Håkansson, ; Colbach et al , ), often breaking seed dormancy and allowing seed germination, particularly of broadleaf weeds which have greater longevity and marked dormancy (Froud‐Williams et al , ). Under reduced tillage practices, weed seeds are mostly left on the surface and distributed less down the soil profile due to reductions in soil disturbance, increasing germination and seedling survival of small seeded weeds (Ball, ; Nalewaja, ; Hernandez‐Plaza et al , ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weed development in spring wheat after contrasting soil tillage and nitrogen management

et al. 2016

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Soil tillage and nitrogen (N) management effects on weed species composition were evaluated in 2013 and 2014 on a clayey soil after 5‐years of organic management at the Royal Agricultural University's Harnhill Manor Farm, UK. Three tillage systems – Conventional Tillage (CT), and High and Low Intensity Non‐inversion Tillage (HINiT & LINiT) – were compared at four N fertiliser rates of 0, 70, 140 and 210 kg N ha−1. Broad‐spectrum herbicide was applied before soil operations across the site in both years. Previous organic management legacy of high weed biomass promoted greater weed prevalence in 2013 while 2‐years of herbicide inclusion reduced weed biomass. Contrasting weather conditions across the seasons affected weed incidence. In the 2014 wet season, early weed dry weight (DM) was higher under HINiT than CT and LINiT, while no differences were observed in the 2013 dry year. At midseason, weed DM was higher under HINiT than CT and LINiT in both years, which was related to higher DM of the dominant weeds Stellaria media (L.) Vill. and Sinapis arvensis L. Grass weed DM was higher under non‐inversion tillage than CT. N fertilisation increased midseason total weed DM and weed prevalence at harvest. Spring wheat yield was the highest under CT while LINiT produced 17% higher yields than HINiT. Despite higher but still tolerable weed prevalence under both non‐inversion tillage systems and with the application of N, weeds alone was not the only yield‐limiting factor. However, results show that CT is the most reliable option for weed control in changing weather, while N fertilisation rates needs to be considered.

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Intensity of soil disturbance shapes response trait diversity of weed communities: The long-term effects of different tillage systems

Cited by 48 publications

References 44 publications

Ökológiai és agrotechnikai tényezők hatása a szántóföldi gyomtársulások faj- és jellegösszetételére = Effects of environmental and management factors on species and trait composition in arable weed communities

Ökológiai és agrotechnikai tényezők hatása a szántóföldi gyomtársulások faj- és jellegösszetételére = Effects of environmental and management factors on species and trait composition in arable weed communities

Diversity and Spatial Heterogeneity of Weed Communities in a Sugarcane Cropping System in the Dry Tropics of Costa Rica

Weed development in spring wheat after contrasting soil tillage and nitrogen management

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