Intentional action processing results from automatic bottom-up attention: An EEG-investigation into the Social Relevance Hypothesis using hypnosis

Neufeld, Eleonore; Brown, E. B.; Lee-Grimm, Sie In; Newen, Albert; Brüne, Martin

doi:10.1016/j.concog.2016.03.002

Cited by 15 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…The second source of evidence comes from attentional effects: faces (Gliga, Elsabbagh, Andravizou, & Johnson, 2009), bodily biological motion (Shi, Weng, He, & Jiang, 2010), and intentional actions (Neufeld, Brown, Lee-Grimm, Newen, & Brüne, 2016) are powerful attention-grabbers. This means that they strongly impact attention distribution: for example, in inattentional blindness experiments, participants better detect changes in face (Ro, Russell, & Lavie, 2001) and body (Downing, Bray, Rogers, & Childs, 2004) stimuli, compared to objects.…”

Section: Encapsulated Social Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulated social perception of emotional expressions

Smortchkova

2017

Consciousness and Cognition

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In this paper I argue that the detection of emotional expressions is, in its early stages, informationally encapsulated. I clarify and defend such a view via the appeal to data from social perception on the visual processing of faces, bodies, facial and bodily expressions. Encapsulated social perception might exist alongside processes that are cognitively penetrated, and that have to do with recognition and categorization, and play a central evolutionary function in preparing early and rapid responses to the emotional stimuli.

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Section: Encapsulated Social Perceptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encapsulated social perception of emotional expressions

Smortchkova

2017

Consciousness and Cognition

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“…According to neurocognitive models of selective attention (Bishop, 2009;Shechner et al, 2012), the deployment of attention in the presence of emotional stimuli is regulated by two major mechanisms: a bottom-up, stimulus-driven mechanism (Davis & Whalen, 2001) and a top-down, goal-oriented control mechanism (MacDonald III, Cohen, Stenger, & Carter, 2000;Wolfe, Butcher, Lee, & Hyle, 2003). Some previous studies suggest that hypnosis is a type of topdown regulation (Dienes & Hutton, 2013;Landry, Appourchaux, & Raz, 2014;Mendelsohn et al, 2008;Raz, Lamar, Buhle, Kane, & Peterson, 2007;Vanhaudenhuyse et al, 2009;Ward, Oakley, Frackowiak, & Halligan, 2003), while the others argue that hypnosis influences processes in a bottom-up way (Kaiser, Barker, Haenschel, Baldeweg, & Gruzelier, 1997;Neufeld, Brown, Lee-Grimm, Newen, & Brüne, 2016 (2009) demonstrated a hypnosis-related increase in the functional connectivity between the primary somatosensory cortex and prefrontal cortices in the processing of pain stimuli, which might reflect a top-down modulation. However, findings of functional connectivity alone between brain regions are not sufficient to prove topdown or bottom-up processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The top‐down regulation from the prefrontal cortex to insula via hypnotic aversion suggestions reduces smoking craving

Chen

et al. 2018

Human Brain Mapping

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Hypnosis has been shown to have treatment effects on nicotine addiction. However, the neural basis of these effects is poorly understood. This preliminary study investigated the neural mechanisms of hypnosis‐based treatment on cigarette smoking, specifically, whether the hypnosis involves a top‐down or bottom‐up mechanism. Two groups of 45 smokers underwent a smoking aversion suggestion and viewed smoking‐related pictures and neutral pictures. One group underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning twice (control and hypnotic states), whereas the other group underwent two electroencephalograph sessions. Our study found that self‐reported smoking craving decreased in both groups following hypnosis. Smoking cue‐elicited activations in the right dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (rDLPFC) and left insula (lI) and the functional connectivity between the rDLPFC and lI were increased in the hypnotic state compared with the control state. The delta band source waveforms indicated the activation from 390 to 862 ms at the rDLPFC and from 490 to 900 ms at the lI was significantly different between the smoking and neutral conditions in the hypnotic state, suggesting the activation in the rDLPFC preceded that in the lI. These results suggest that the decreased smoking craving via hypnotic aversion suggestions may arise from the top‐down regulation of the rDLPFC to the lI. Our findings provide novel neurobiological evidence for understanding the therapeutic effects of hypnosis on nicotine addiction, and the prefrontal–insula circuit may serve as an imaging biomarker to monitor the treatment efficacy noninvasively.

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“…Regarding the cases of automatic social detection (e.g., Neufeld et al, 2016), these could be similar to detection patterns associated with social planning routines that operate independently of experienced emotions and feelings. Thus, based on CAD, it is not so easy to say that emotion is detected as part of perception, because such routines could be modeled either as unconscious processing or as specific attention routines triggered by specific perceptual conceptualized contents, rather than being constitutive of early perception, since this detection is not altered by overall phenomenology (a point entirely analogous to the distinction between magnitudes and emotion intensity mentioned above).…”

Section: Cad As a Framework Of Distinctions For Emotion Perception mentioning

confidence: 65%

“…Studies suggest that emotions can be recognized in the same way as pattern recognition in other sense modalities, driven by evolutionary necessity and requiring an interaction of bottom-up and top-down processes (see Newen, 2016). Similarly, socially relevant information seems to be processed automatically, thus calling into question whether perception should include attention to social cues (Neufeld et al, 2016). If it is true that emotions and socially relevant information are processed like perceptual features, this view would strongly favor a very robust kind of cognitive penetration because we not only see the basic perceptual constancies that ground object- and feature-based attention, but also emotional and socially relevant content.…”

Section: Cad As a Framework Of Distinctions For Emotion Perception mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perception and Cognition Are Largely Independent, but Still Affect Each Other in Systematic Ways: Arguments from Evolution and the Consciousness-Attention Dissociation

Montemayor

Haladjian

2017

Front. Psychol.

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The main thesis of this paper is that two prevailing theories about cognitive penetration are too extreme, namely, the view that cognitive penetration is pervasive and the view that there is a sharp and fundamental distinction between cognition and perception, which precludes any type of cognitive penetration. These opposite views have clear merits and empirical support. To eliminate this puzzling situation, we present an alternative theoretical approach that incorporates the merits of these views into a broader and more nuanced explanatory framework. A key argument we present in favor of this framework concerns the evolution of intentionality and perceptual capacities. An implication of this argument is that cases of cognitive penetration must have evolved more recently and that this is compatible with the cognitive impenetrability of early perceptual stages of processing information. A theoretical approach that explains why this should be the case is the consciousness and attention dissociation framework. The paper discusses why concepts, particularly issues concerning concept acquisition, play an important role in the interaction between perception and cognition.

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Intentional action processing results from automatic bottom-up attention: An EEG-investigation into the Social Relevance Hypothesis using hypnosis

Cited by 15 publications

References 80 publications

Encapsulated social perception of emotional expressions

Encapsulated social perception of emotional expressions

The top‐down regulation from the prefrontal cortex to insula via hypnotic aversion suggestions reduces smoking craving

Perception and Cognition Are Largely Independent, but Still Affect Each Other in Systematic Ways: Arguments from Evolution and the Consciousness-Attention Dissociation

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