Intentional and incidental odour-colour binding in working memory

Johnson, Andrew; Allen, Richard J.

doi:10.1080/09658211.2022.2124273

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 80 publications

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“…(2023) used visual images, used visually presented words. Within WM, prioritization effects have been observed across a wide range of material (e.g Atkinson et al, 2018;Hu et al, 2016;Johnson & Allen, 2022;. Roe et al, under review;Sandry et al, 2014).…”

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confidence: 99%

Does value-based prioritization at working memory enhance long-term memory?

Atkinson¹,

Waterman²,

Allen³

2023

Preprint

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Existing research has demonstrated that individuals can direct their attention to valuable information in both working memory and long-term memory tasks. However, it is currently unclear whether prioritising an item for a working memory task automatically translates into a boost at long-term memory. This was examined in a pair of experiments using relatively short (250ms per item; Experiment 1) and longer (500ms per item; Experiment 2) encoding times. Participants first completed a visual working memory task, in which they were presented with series of photographs of everyday objects. Following a brief delay (1000ms), they completed a 4-alternative forced choice test. Prior to encoding, participants were informed of the point values associated with each item. In some trials, participants were informed that the first item presented was worth more points than the rest. In other trials, they were informed that all items were equally valuable. After a filled delay, participants completed a surprise long-term memory task. At working memory, a value effect was reliably observed, and there was also some evidence of faster response times for the high value information. There was little evidence of automatic continuation into long-term memory, with any observed effect dependent on the item originally being tested in the working memory phase. Thus, the benefits of attentional prioritization in working memory do not always translate into longer term performance. More broadly, this provides further evidence that manipulations that enhance working memory performance do not necessarily enhance long-term memory.

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confidence: 99%

Does value-based prioritization at working memory enhance long-term memory?

Atkinson¹,

Waterman²,

Allen³

2023

Preprint

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Working memory prioritisation effects in tactile immediate serial recall

Roe,

Allen,

Elsley

et al. 2024

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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There is a growing body of evidence that higher value information can be prioritised for both visual and auditory working memory. The present study examines whether valuable items can similarly be prioritised for the tactile domain. Employing an immediate serial recall procedure (ISR), participants reconstructed a 6-item tactile sequence by moving their fingers in the order of original stimulation. Participants were informed either that one serial position was worth notionally more points (prioritisation condition) or that all items were of equal value (control condition). For Experiment 1 (N=48), significant boosts in correct recall were evident when serial positions 4 or 5 were more valuable (i.e., prioritisation effects). Experiment 2 (N=24) demonstrated that the prioritisation effect persisted with concurrent articulation, suggesting that task performance was not a function of verbal recoding and rehearsal of the tactile information. Importantly, a significant recall cost for low value (non-prioritised) items within the sequence was evident for both experiments. Taken together, these findings demonstrate that (1) prioritisation effects transfer to the tactile domain, and (2) finite attentional resources can be deliberately and strategically redistributed to specific items within a sequence, dependent upon the prevailing task demands.

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Getting value out of working memory through strategic prioritisation: Implications for storage and control

Allen,

Atkinson,

Hitch

2024

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Working memory is an active system responsible for “the temporary maintenance and processing of information in the support of cognition and action” (Baddeley et al., 2021). In keeping with this, a growing body of research has explored the close links between working memory and attention, and how these might be harnessed to impact performance and possibly improve working memory efficiency. This is theoretically and practically important, given that working memory is a central hub in complex cognition yet is extremely capacity- and resource-limited. We review work carried out over the last ten years or so looking at how high ‘value’ items in working memory can be strategically prioritised through selective attention, drawing principally from visual working memory paradigms with young adult participants, while also discussing how the core effects extend to different task domains and populations. A consistent set of core findings emerges, with improved memory for items that are allocated higher ‘value’ but no change in overall task performance, and a recency advantage regardless of point allocation when items are encountered sequentially. Value-directed prioritisation is effortful, under top-down strategic control, and appears to vary with perceptual distraction and executive load. It is driven by processes operating during encoding, maintenance, and retrieval, though the extent to which these are influenced by different features of the task context remain to be mapped out. We discuss implications for working memory, attention, and strategic control, and note some possible future directions of travel for this promising line of research.

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Intentional and incidental odour-colour binding in working memory

Cited by 7 publications

References 80 publications

Does value-based prioritization at working memory enhance long-term memory?

Does value-based prioritization at working memory enhance long-term memory?

Working memory prioritisation effects in tactile immediate serial recall

Getting value out of working memory through strategic prioritisation: Implications for storage and control

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