Inter- and intra-annual dynamics of photosynthesis differ between forest floor vegetation and tree canopy in a subarctic Scots pine stand

Kulmala, Liisa; Pumpanen, Jukka; Kolari, Pasi; Dengel, Sigrid; Berninger, Frank; Köster, Egle; Matkala, Laura; Vanhatalo, Anni; Vesala, Timo; Bäck, Jaana

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2019.02.029

Cited by 42 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Tillers for water potential measurement were equilibrated in double bags in the dark for 25 min after sampling. N = 10 air temperature, influence consistency between measurements [3,18,25]. Instantaneous point measurements under set controlled cuvette conditions generally require a long time for leaves to acclimate to the new conditions within the leaf cuvette [46].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast photosynthesis measurements for phenotyping photosynthetic capacity of rice

Meng

Huang

et al. 2020

Plant Methods

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Background: Over the past decades, the structural and functional genomics of rice have been deeply studied, and high density of molecular genetic markers have been developed. However, the genetic variation in leaf photosynthesis, the most important trait for rice yield improvement, was rarely studied. The lack of photosynthesis phenotyping tools is one of the bottlenecks, as traditional direct photosynthesis measurements are very low-throughput, and recently developed high-throughput methods are indirect measurements. Hence, there is an urgent need for a fast, accurate and direct measurement approach.Result: We reported a fast photosynthesis measurement (FPM) method for phenotyping photosynthetic capacity of rice, which measures photosynthesis of excised tillers in environment-controlled lab conditions. The light response curves measured using FPM approach coped well with that the curves measured using traditional gas exchange approach. Importantly, the FPM technique achieved an average throughput of 5.4 light response curves per hour, which was 3 times faster than the 1.8 light response curves per hour using the traditional method. Tillers sampled at early morning had the highest photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and the lowest variability. In addition, even 12 h after sampling, there was no significant difference of photosynthesis rate between excised tillers and in situ. We finally investigated the genetic variations of photosynthetic traits across 568 F2 lines using the FPM technique and discussed the logistics of screening several hundred samples per day per instrumental unit using FPM to generate a wealth of photosynthetic phenotypic data, which might help to improve the selection power in large populations of rice with the ultimate aim of improving yield through improved photosynthesis. Conclusions:Here we developed a high-throughput method that can measure the rice leaf photosynthetic capacity approximately 10 times faster than traditional gas exchange approaches. Importantly, this method can overcome measurement errors caused by environmental heterogeneity under field conditions, and it is possible to measure 12 or more hours per day under lab conditions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fast photosynthesis measurements for phenotyping photosynthetic capacity of rice

Meng

Huang

et al. 2020

Plant Methods

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“…Overall, the analyses by Kulmala et al (2019) and Matkala et al (2020) on subarctic Scots pine and Norway spruce stands at the northern timberline in Finland serve as examples of the canopy scale dynamics, showing that these ecosystems are generally weak carbon sinks but have a clear annual variation. Kulmala et al (2019) observed that there is a difference between tree canopy photosynthesis compared to forest floor photosynthesis which starts to increase after the snowmelt. Thus the models for photosynthesis should also address the snow cover period in order to better capture the seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis of the Northern forests says Kulmala et al (2019).…”

Section: High-latitude Photosynthetic Productivitymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Kulmala et al (2019) observed that there is a difference between tree canopy photosynthesis compared to forest floor photosynthesis which starts to increase after the snowmelt. Thus the models for photosynthesis should also address the snow cover period in order to better capture the seasonal dynamics of photosynthesis of the Northern forests says Kulmala et al (2019).…”

Section: High-latitude Photosynthetic Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview: Recent advances on the understanding of the Northern Eurasian environments and of the urban air quality in China - Pan Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program perspective

Lappalainen

Petäj̈ä

Vihma

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Abstract. The Pan-Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) Science Plan, released in 2015, addressed a need for a holistic system understanding and outlined the most urgent research needs for sustainable development in the Artic-boreal region. Air quality in China and long-range transport of the atmospheric pollutants was also indicated as one of the most crucial topics of the research agenda. This paper summarizes results obtained during the last five years in the Northern Eurasian region. It also introduces recent observations on the air quality in the urban environments in China. The main regions of interest are the Russian Arctic, Northern Eurasian boreal forests (Siberia) and peatlands and on the mega cities in China. We frame our analysis against research themes introduced in 2015. We summarize recent progress in the understanding of the land – atmosphere – ocean systems feedbacks. Although the scientific knowledge in these regions has increased, there are still gaps in our understanding of large-scale climate-Earth surface interactions and feedbacks. This arises from limitations in research infrastructures and integrative data analyses, hindering a comprehensive system analysis. The fast-changing environment and ecosystem changes driven by climate change, socio-economic activities like the China Silk Road Initiative, and the global trends like urbanization further complicate such analyses. We recognize new topics with an increasing importance in the near future, such as enhancing biological sequestration capacity of greenhouse gases into forests and soils to mitigate the climate change and the socio-economic development to tackle air quality issues.

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“…Hence, we defined that the stands carry 2.5 and 5.5 needle age classes in southern and northern Finland, respectively, which is based on observations from Finland (Korhonen et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2013;Ťupek et al, 2015). A maximum stand needle biomass of 5000 kg ha -1 , which is representative for southern and middle Finland (Ilvesniemi and Liu, 2001), was used for southern Finland, while 3500 kg ha -1 , which is representative for a relatively poor site in Lapland (Kulmala et al, 2019), was used for northern Finland. We utilised this foliage mass value for northern Finland, as the calculation results of northern Finland should serve https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-2019-502 Preprint.…”

Section: Yearly Development Of Scots Pine Needle Massmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions of monoterpenes from new Scots pine foliage: dependency on season, stand age and location and importance for models

Taipale

Aalto

Schiestl-Aalto

et al. 2020

Preprint

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Models to predict the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) from terrestrial vegetation largely use standardised emission potentials derived from shoot enclosure measurements of mature foliage and usually assume that the contribution of BVOCs from new conifer needles is minor to negligible. Extensive observations have, however, recently demonstrated that the potential of new Scots pine needles to emit several different BVOCs can be up to about 500 times higher than that of the corresponding mature foliage. Thus, we build on these discoveries and investigate the impact of previously neglecting enhanced emissions from new Scots pine foliage on estimates of monoterpene emissions and new atmospheric aerosol particle formation and their subsequent growth. We show that the importance of considering the enhanced monoterpene emission potential of new Scots pine foliage decreases as a function of season, tree age and latitude, and that new foliage is responsible for the majority of the whole tree's foliage emissions of monoterpenes during spring time, independently of tree age and location. Our results suggest that annual monoterpene emission estimates from Finland would increase with up to ~&#8201;25&#8201;% if the emissions from new Scots pine foliage were explicitly considered, with the majority being emitted during spring time where also new particle formation has been observed to occur most frequently. We estimate that our findings can lead to increases in predictions of the formation rates of 2&#8201;nm particles during spring time by ~&#8201;75&#8211;275&#8201;% in northern Finland and by ~&#8201;125&#8211;865&#8201;% in southern Finland. Likewise, simulated growth rates of 2&#8211;3&#8201;nm particles would increase by ~&#8201;65&#8211;175&#8201;% in northern Finland and by ~&#8201;110&#8211;520&#8201;% in southern Finland if the enhanced emissions of monoterpenes from new Scots pine foliage were explicitly considered. Our findings imply that we need to introduce a more comprehensive treatment of the emissions of BVOCs from new coniferous foliage in biogenic emission models.</p>

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Inter- and intra-annual dynamics of photosynthesis differ between forest floor vegetation and tree canopy in a subarctic Scots pine stand

Cited by 42 publications

References 71 publications

Fast photosynthesis measurements for phenotyping photosynthetic capacity of rice

Fast photosynthesis measurements for phenotyping photosynthetic capacity of rice

Overview: Recent advances on the understanding of the Northern Eurasian environments and of the urban air quality in China - Pan Eurasian Experiment (PEEX) program perspective

Emissions of monoterpenes from new Scots pine foliage: dependency on season, stand age and location and importance for models

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