“…This method has been previously described and applied in other studies and has proven to be highly reproducible, with a small range of variability. 20,21 Recent studies have shown variation of the choroidal thickness in several systemic and ocular diseases. The choroid has been found to be thicker in the eyes of patients with microangiopathy associated with HIV, 22 Cushing syndrome, 23 central serous chorioretinopathy, 18 and idiopathic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization.…”
Background Choroidopathy is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This entity is associated with active phases of severe SLE and it is frequently accompanied by acute kidney failure, central nervous system involvement and coagulopathy. Purpose To evaluate the choroid thickness of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) without choroidopathy, and to compare this with that of age-matched SLE patients without LN and healthy control subjects. Study design Cross-sectional case control study. Material and methods Fifteen women with LN in remission phase (study group), 15 women with SLE in remission without LN (SLE control group), and 15 healthy women (healthy control group), without ocular diseases or significant refractive error, were recruited. Full ophthalmological examination and a macular optical coherence tomography in enhanced depth imaging mode were performed. The choroid thickness was measured at nine macular points and six lines of mean choroidal thickness were determined. A comparative analysis between the three groups was performed using the one-way ANOVA test and the paired t-test. The choroid thickness of patients under corticotherapy was also compared to that of patients without corticotherapy. Additionally, the correlation between choroid thickness and disease duration was evaluated using the Pearson analysis. Results The mean macular choroidal thickness was 295.73 ± 67.62 μm in the study group, 233.34 ± 41.01 µm in the SLE control group, and 240.98 ± 37.93 μm in the control group ( p = 0.00006 and p = 0.0003, respectively). Additionally, the choroid thickness was significantly thicker than in the SLE and healthy control groups at the foveal ( p = 0.004 and p < 0.000), nasal ( p < 0.000 and p = 0.001), superior ( p = 0.002 and p < 0.000) and inferior ( p < 0.000 and p = 0.001) mean lines. The choroidal thickness in this group was not associated with the duration of the disease. The subgroup of patients with LN under corticotherapy did not reveal a significantly different choroidal thickness. Conclusion This study suggests a relationship between LN and choroidal changes, which may represent an increased risk for choroidopathy in these patients. Choroid thickening was not related with the duration of the disease. This thickening may be correlated with histopathological changes similar to those occurring in kidney glomeruli.
“…This method has been previously described and applied in other studies and has proven to be highly reproducible, with a small range of variability. 20,21 Recent studies have shown variation of the choroidal thickness in several systemic and ocular diseases. The choroid has been found to be thicker in the eyes of patients with microangiopathy associated with HIV, 22 Cushing syndrome, 23 central serous chorioretinopathy, 18 and idiopathic subfoveal choroidal neovascularization.…”
Background Choroidopathy is a rare manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This entity is associated with active phases of severe SLE and it is frequently accompanied by acute kidney failure, central nervous system involvement and coagulopathy. Purpose To evaluate the choroid thickness of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) without choroidopathy, and to compare this with that of age-matched SLE patients without LN and healthy control subjects. Study design Cross-sectional case control study. Material and methods Fifteen women with LN in remission phase (study group), 15 women with SLE in remission without LN (SLE control group), and 15 healthy women (healthy control group), without ocular diseases or significant refractive error, were recruited. Full ophthalmological examination and a macular optical coherence tomography in enhanced depth imaging mode were performed. The choroid thickness was measured at nine macular points and six lines of mean choroidal thickness were determined. A comparative analysis between the three groups was performed using the one-way ANOVA test and the paired t-test. The choroid thickness of patients under corticotherapy was also compared to that of patients without corticotherapy. Additionally, the correlation between choroid thickness and disease duration was evaluated using the Pearson analysis. Results The mean macular choroidal thickness was 295.73 ± 67.62 μm in the study group, 233.34 ± 41.01 µm in the SLE control group, and 240.98 ± 37.93 μm in the control group ( p = 0.00006 and p = 0.0003, respectively). Additionally, the choroid thickness was significantly thicker than in the SLE and healthy control groups at the foveal ( p = 0.004 and p < 0.000), nasal ( p < 0.000 and p = 0.001), superior ( p = 0.002 and p < 0.000) and inferior ( p < 0.000 and p = 0.001) mean lines. The choroidal thickness in this group was not associated with the duration of the disease. The subgroup of patients with LN under corticotherapy did not reveal a significantly different choroidal thickness. Conclusion This study suggests a relationship between LN and choroidal changes, which may represent an increased risk for choroidopathy in these patients. Choroid thickening was not related with the duration of the disease. This thickening may be correlated with histopathological changes similar to those occurring in kidney glomeruli.
“…SFCT was then measured using EDI-OCT as explained, which has high intra- and interobserver reproducibility (Fig. 1 ) 25 . Figure 1 Measurement of subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) in a male patient of our study with central retinal vein occlusion.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…SFCT was then measured using EDI-OCT as explained, which has high intra-and interobserver reproducibility (Fig. 1) 25 .…”
To evaluate outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) treating macular edema (ME) after retinal vein occlusion (RVO) following pro re nata (PRN) regimen and investigate potential predictors of non-response. Retrospective analysis of 126 treatment-naive eyes with ME after RVO. Eyes were treated initially with IVB of 1.25 mg/ml. Therapy was switched in case of non-response. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), which were recorded over 4 years of treatment. BCVA improved significantly during first 2 years. CMT decreased significantly during the 4-year follow-up period. Switching was required in 42 eyes (33%). 34 eyes (26.9%) were switched to steroids, while 8 eyes (6.3%) were switched to other anti-VEGF due to diagnosed glaucoma. Switching occurred after 12.4 ± 8.3 months and an average of 8 ± 4.1 IVBs. Compared with the treatment-responsive group, the treatment-unresponsive group had significantly worse BCVA, higher CMT and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) at baseline. Treatment IVB following PRN regimen showed significant functional and anatomic improvement in patients with ME after RVO. Switching was required in more than one third of eyes. Higher baseline SFCT could be considered as predictor for non-response to such therapy and thus an indicator of early switching.
“…SFCT was then measured using EDI-OCT as explained, which has high intra-and interobserver reproducibility (Figure 1). 20 In this study, we included 126 naive eyes (out of 126 patients) treated initially with intravitreal bevacizumab from January 2016 to June 2020 due to CME secondary to BRVO (80 eyes) or CRVO (46 eyes).…”
To evaluate outcomes of intravitreal bevacizumab treating macular edema (ME) after retinal vein occlusion (RVO) following PRN (pro re nata) regimen and investigate potential predictors of non-response. Retrospective analysis of 126 treatment-naive eyes with ME after RVO. Eyes were treated initially with bevacizumab intravitreal injections (IVIs) of 1.25 mg/ml. Therapy was switched in case of non-response. Outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central macular thickness (CMT), which were recorded over 4 years of treatment. BCVA improved significantly during first 2 years. CMT decreased significantly during the 4-year follow-up period. Switching was required in 42 eyes (33%). 34 eyes (26.9%) were switched to intravitreal steroids, while 8 eyes (6.3%) were switched to other anti-VEFG due to diagnosed glaucoma. Switching occurred after 12.4±8.3 months after an average of 8±4.1 bevacizumab IVIs. Compared with the treatment-responsive group, the treatment-unresponsive group had significantly worse BCVA, higher CMT and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) at baseline. Treatment with intravitreal bevacizumab following PRN regimen showed significant functional and anatomic improvement in patients with ME after RVO. A therapy switching was required in more than one third of eyes. Higher SFCT at baseline could be considered as predictor for non-response to such therapy.
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