Inter- and intrarater reliability of four single-legged hop tests and isokinetic muscle torque measurements in children

Abstract

This file was dowloaded from the institutional repository Brage NIH -brage.bibsys.no/nih Johnsen, M. B., Eitzen, I., Moksnes, H., Risberg, M. A. (2013 Methods: Twenty-eight sports active children (12.4 ± 0.3 years old) were tested three times in two test sessions separated by one week. They performed four single-legged hop tests and concentric isokinetic torque measurements during knee extension and flexion. Inter-and intrarater reliability were calculated using the intraclass correlation coefficient, (ICC 2,1). Relative terms of the standard error of measurement (SEM%) and smallest real difference (SRD%) were emphasized to allow comparison between the different variables.Results: Twenty-six children were included for statistical analysis. ICCs for inter-and intrarater reliability were moderate to high for the hop tests (0.62 to 0.91) and isokinetic measurements (0.76 to 0.87). SEMs% were low for the hop tests (3.9% to 7.4%) and the isokinetic measurements (5.2% to 8.9%). SRDs% were 20.5% or less for the hop tests, 15.7% or less for knee extension and 24.6% or less for knee flexion. Conclusion:The single-legged hop tests and isokinetic muscle torque measurements demonstrated moderate to high reliability with low measurement error in sports active children. A change above 20.5% for the singlelegged hop tests, 15.7% for knee extension, and 24.6% for knee flexion is necessary to represent a real change in knee function.Level of Evidence III.

2018 International Olympic Committee consensus statement on prevention, diagnosis and management of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries

“… Single-leg hop tests and isokinetic strength tests have larger measurement errors in the prepubescent population, so use these tests with caution. 40 Focus on evaluating the quality of movements during single-leg hop testing, instead of the leg symmetry index measures. Tests and criteria to assess movement quality are yet to be validated, so the responsible clinician needs to have skills and experience in this area.…”

“…Single-leg hop tests and isokinetic strength tests have larger measurement errors in the prepubescent population, so use these tests with caution. 40 …”

Morphology and Anatomic Patellar Instability Risk Factors in First-Time Traumatic Lateral Patellar Dislocations: A Prospective Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study in Skeletally Immature Children

“…130 Single-legged hop test and isokinetic muscle torque measurements were shown to be reliable methods for accessing knee function in sport-active children. 79…”

2018 International Olympic Committee consensus statement on prevention, diagnosis and management of paediatric anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries

“…There are five important considerations for the prepubescent child:Consider a home-based program, with emphasis on playful exercises and variation (figure 3) to discourage boredom.Single-leg hop tests and isokinetic strength tests have larger measurement errors in the prepubescent population, so use these tests with caution 40

Focus on evaluating the quality of movement during single-leg hop testing, instead of limb symmetry index measures.

Tests and criteria to assess movement quality are yet to be validated, so the responsible clinician needs to have skills and experience in this area.

Return to sport criteria were designed and scientifically tested in the skeletally mature patient and are recommended for the child who is close to maturity 36 41.

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