Inter-machine comparison of intrinsic toroidal rotation in tokamaks

Rice, J. E.; Ince‐Cushman, A.; deGrassie, J.S.; Eriksson, L.‐G.; Sakamoto, Y.; Scarabosio, A.; Bortolon, A.; Burrell, K.H.; Duval, B.P.; Fenzi-Bonizec, C.; Greenwald, M.; Groebner, R. J.; Hoang, G. T.; Koide, Y.; Marmar, E.; Pochelon, A.; Podpaly, Y.

doi:10.1088/0029-5515/47/11/025

Cited by 300 publications

(395 citation statements)

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“…These new JET rotation data were compared with the multi-machine scaling of ref. [2] for the Alfven-Mach number and with the scaling for the velocity change from L-mode into H-mode. The JET data do not fit well any of these scalings that were derived for plasmas that are co-rotating with respect to the plasma-current.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This database includes ELM-free and ELMy plasmas done in 1994-95 with normalized plasma pressure levels, β Ν , up to 0.7 [11] (the ELM-free plasmas were used as JET input in the rotation scalings of ref. [2]) and post 2000 data with β N up to 1.3, from ELMy H-modes from a study performed in 2000 as reported in [12] and, data from 2009 experiments not previously reported. The database also includes pulses with different magnetic field ripple , δ TF (where δ TF =(B max -B min )/(B max +B min ), with B max and B min being the maximum and minimum toroidal field values).…”

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confidence: 97%

“…The 2007 paper of J. Rice et al [2] was an important attempt in this direction. From the extrapolation of intrinsic plasma rotation data observed in several machines it was predicted that a substantial co-rotation, i. e. in the direction parallel to the plasma current, would occur in ITER.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…A comparison with the multi-machine rotation scalings of ref. [2] is presented in section III and the conclusions follow in section IV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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JET intrinsic rotation studies in plasmas with a high normalized beta and varying toroidal field ripple

Nave

Eriksson

Giroud

et al. 2012

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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Understanding the origin of rotation in Ion Cyclotron Resonance Frequency (ICRF) heated plasmas is important for predictions for burning plasmas sustained by alpha particles, being characterized by a large population of fast ions and no external momentum input. The angular velocity of the plasma column has been measured in JET H-mode plasmas with pure ICRF heating for both the standard low toroidal magnetic ripple configuration, of about ~ 0.08% and, for increased ripple values up to 1.5 % [1]. These new JET rotation data were compared with the multi-machine scaling of ref. [2] for the Alfven-Mach number and with the scaling for the velocity change from L-mode into H-mode. The JET data do not fit well any of these scalings that were derived for plasmas that are co-rotating with respect to the plasma-current.With the standard low ripple configuration, JET plasmas with large ICRF heating power and normalized beta, βN ≈1.3, have a very small co-current rotation, with Alfven-Mach numbers significantly below those given by the rotation scaling of ref. [2]. In some cases the plasmas are actually counter-rotating. No significant difference between the H-mode and L-mode rotation is observed. Typically the H-mode velocities near the edge are lower than in Lmodes. With ripple values larger than the standard JET value, between 1% and 1.5%, H-mode plasmas were obtained where both the edge and the core counter rotated. I -IntroductionIntrinsic rotation can play a key role in the performance of future tokamak power plants where the momentum input will be small [3]. In present day tokamak experiments, rotation is mostly driven by the torque coming from the neutral beam injection (NBI). However, in reactors with high NBI power at high beam energy, the torque is expected to be small. The central toroidal rotation velocity for ITER H-mode plasmas with NBI power of 34 MW, was predicted to be in the range of 10-170 km/s [4]. This is lower than currently observed at JET for the same Prandtl number (ratio between momentum and ion heat diffusivity) and with NBI power less than 20 MW [5]. It is important to note that ITER simulations depend on options of momentum transport whose theory is still evolving. For instance, the ITER simulations of ref.[4] do not include any contribution from a momentum pinch which is found to exist in JET NBI discharges [6,7] and other tokamaks [8,9]. This inward pinch will modify the rotation profile in ITER, in particular the peaking of the rotation profile will increase. Understanding of momentum transport is crucial in order to reliably model rotation profiles in ITER and other future devices, however, this is not the scope of this paper. A good overview of momentum transport theory, covering also aspects like residual stress and up-down asymmetry that may affect significantly the rotation profile in ITER, is given in reference [10].As the NBI driven rotation in future machines is presumed to be small, the intrinsic plasma rotation, which occurs in the absence of momentum sources such as NBI, has...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparison with the multi-machine rotation scalings of ref. [2] is presented in section III and the conclusions follow in section IV.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

JET intrinsic rotation studies in plasmas with a high normalized beta and varying toroidal field ripple

Nave

Eriksson

Giroud

et al. 2012

Plasma Phys. Control. Fusion

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show abstract

“…However, since the TEP theory of trapped electron pinch depends on the longitudinal invariant, it is not clear whether it applies to the trapped ions and passing particles, and the ambipolarity issue is unresolved [6]. Recently, the parallel momentum pinch is extensively investigated in the magnetic fusion community to understand the intrinsic toroidal rotation [7]. A parallel momentum pinch due to the Coriolis force in a toroidally-rotating frame was proposed by using the fluid model to analyze the quasilinear transport induced by the ion temperature gradient mode [8].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%