Inter-muscular coordination during running on grass, concrete and treadmill

Whole leg compression garments influence lower limb kinematics and associated muscle synergies during running

“…The potential oversight lies in the fact that alterations in muscle activation may signify plausible changes in the neuromuscular control structure. During running, each muscular synergy may be dedicated to distinct functions, and these synergies are influenced by variables like running speed, Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology frontiersin.org ground conditions, and foot strike patterns (Nishida et al, 2017;Aoi et al, 2019;Yaserifar and Oliveira, 2023). This evidence suggests that muscle synergy is more sensitive to show adjustments in muscle function with some external influence and better permits explanation of neuromuscular performance adjustments.…”

“…Different foot strike patterns for running also show different muscle synergies ( Nishida et al, 2017 ), and the body also has different muscle synergy strategies to respond to changes in fatigue conditions before and after running ( Matsunaga et al, 2017 ). However, muscle synergies were similar across different running surfaces (concrete vs. grass) ( Yaserifar and Oliveira, 2023 ). It has also been found that types of synergy are consistent between level and uphill running ( Saito et al, 2018 ).…”

Rectified Latent Variable Model-Based EMG Factorization of Inhibitory Muscle Synergy Components Related to Aging, Expertise and Force–Tempo Variations

“…One common opinion proposes that the CNS controls the muscles through a linear combination of neuromotor building blocks named muscle synergies to reduce the computational complexity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. Muscle synergies are defined as sets of muscles coordinately activated that work as a fixed combination [8][9][10][11][12]. The theory has been widely applied in fields including sports training, clinic assessment and diagnosis [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21].…”