Inter-Racial, Gender and Aging Influences in the Length of Anterior Commissure-Posterior Commissure Line

Lee, Tae One; Hwang, Ho Sik; Salles, Antônio De; Mattozo, Carlos Alberto; Pedroso, Alessandra G.; Behnke, Eric

doi:10.3340/jkns.2008.43.2.79

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…To convert MCP to AC coordinates, we added ½ the average AC/PC distance to the y coordinate. A value of 25.64 mm was used for the average AC/PC distance, derived from a large cohort of 60–69 year old caucasians (Lee et al, 2008). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) Schematic illustrating differences in size of an average brain, the MNI brain and the Talairach brain (data from Allen et al, 2002; Lee et al, 2008). b) Different ways to measure AC/PC distance and place fiducials for the AC-PC line (see Weiss et al, 2003).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This additional conversion step requires knowing the AC-PC distance of the cohort, which is rarely reported (for exceptions see Papavassiliou et al, 2004; Ponce et al, 2015). The AC-PC distance varies between Talairach and MNI space, from 19 to 32 mm across single subjects, and from 24.9 to 28.3 mm across different populations (Figure 1; Fiandaca et al, 2011; Lee et al, 2008; Liang et al, 2015; Papavassiliou et al, 2004). Moreover, the exact landmarks used to define the AC and PC themselves vary across centers (Weiss et al, 2003; Figure 1 b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probabilistic conversion of neurosurgical DBS electrode coordinates into MNI space

et al. 2017

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In neurosurgical literature, findings such as deep brain stimulation (DBS) electrode positions are conventionally reported in relation to the anterior and posterior commissures of the individual patient (AC/PC coordinates). However, the neuroimaging literature including neuroanatomical atlases, activation patterns, and brain connectivity maps has converged on a different population-based standard (MNI coordinates). Ideally, one could relate these two literatures by directly transforming MRIs from neurosurgical patients into MNI space. However obtaining these patient MRIs can prove difficult or impossible, especially for older studies or those with hundreds of patients. Here, we introduce a methodology for mapping an AC/PC coordinate (such as a DBS electrode position) to MNI space without the need for MRI scans from the patients themselves. We validate our approach using a cohort of DBS patients in which MRIs are available, and test whether several variations on our approach provide added benefit. We then use our approach to convert previously reported DBS electrode coordinates from eight different neurological and psychiatric diseases into MNI space. Finally, we demonstrate the value of such a conversion using the DBS target for essential tremor as an example, relating the site of the active DBS contact to different MNI atlases as well as anatomical and functional connectomes in MNI space.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Probabilistic conversion of neurosurgical DBS electrode coordinates into MNI space

et al. 2017

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“…Other studies involving the Korean population using pneumoencephalograms reported intercommissural distances of 2.48 cm in males and 2.38 cm in females (5). When compared with Caucasians, the intercommissural distancce was about 2.35 cm in the Talairach atlas and 2.5 cm in other studies (9). Since the intercommissural distance is fairly constant among different races, the midpoint of the AC and PC could serve as the center (zero) point of the Cartesian coordinate, and thereby the axial, coronal, and sagittal images could be displayed based on this reference point (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Anterior Commissure - Posterior Commissure Revisited

Choi

Kim

et al. 2013

Korean J Radiol

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ObjectiveThe anterior commissure (AC) and posterior commissure (PC) are the two distinct anatomic structures in the brain which are difficult to observe in detail with conventional MRI, such as a 1.5T MRI system. However, recent advances in ultra-high resolution MRI have enabled us to examine the AC and PC directly. The objective of the present study is to standardize the shape and size of the AC and PC using a 7.0T MRI and to propose a new brain reference line.Materials and MethodsThirty-four, 21 males and 13 females, healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. After determining the center of each AC and PC, we defined the connection of these centers as the central intercommissural line (CIL). We compared the known extra- and intra-cerebral reference lines with the CIL to determine the difference in the angles. Additionally, we obtained horizontal line from flat ground line of look front human.ResultsThe difference in angle of the CIL and the tangential intercommissural line (TIL) from the horizontal line was 8.7 ± 5.1 (11 ± 4.8) and 17.4 ± 5.2 (19.8 ± 4.8) degrees in males and females, respectively. The difference in angle between the CIL and canthomeatal line was 10.1 in both male and female, and there was no difference between both sexes. Likewise, there was no significant difference in angle between the CIL and TIL between both sexes (8.3 +/- 1.1 in male and 8.8 +/- 0.7 in female).ConclusionIn this study, we have used 7.0T MRI to define the AC and PC quantitatively and in a more robust manner. We have showed that the CIL is a reproducible reference line and serves as a standard for the axial images of the human brain.

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“…[527197] The degree of spatial variability of a basal ganglia structure appears to be proportional to its distance with respect to the landmarks of the third ventricle. [39] Between those structures targeted in GTS, the posteroventral pallidum is the structure that is furthest away from the landmarks of the third ventricle, and therefore the target with the potentially greatest topographic variability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: Toward multiple networks modulation

Saleh¹,

Gonzalez-Martinez²,

Cif³

et al. 2012

Surg Neurol Int

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Background:Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome (GTS) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by disabling motor and vocal tics. The pathophysiology of GTS remains poorly understood. Conventional treatment consists in pharmacological and behavioral treatment. For patients suffering severe adverse effects or not responding to pharmacological treatment, deep brain stimulation (DBS) presents an alternative treatment. However, the optimal target choice in DBS for GTS remains a divisive issue.Methods:A PubMed search from 1999 to 2012 was conducted. Thirty-three research articles reporting on DBS in patients with GTS were selected and analyzed.Results:Eighty-eight patients with Tourette's syndrome were treated since 1999 with DBS. The majority of patients received thalamic stimulation. Significantly fewer patients were treated with globus pallidus internus stimulation. Occasionally, the anterior limb of the internal capsule and the nucleus accumbens were implanted. The subthalamic nucleus was selected once. All targets were reported with positive results, but of variable extent. Only 14 patients exhibited level 1 evidence.Conclusion:In light of the wide spectrum of associated behavioral co-morbidities in GTS, multiple networks modulation may result in the most efficacious treatment strategy. The optimal locations for DBS within the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuits remain to be established. However, at the current stage, comparison between targets should be done with great caution. Significant disparity between number of patients treated per target, methodological variability, and quality of reporting renders a meaningful comparison between targets difficult. Randomized controlled trials with larger cohorts and standardization of procedures are urgently needed.

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Inter-Racial, Gender and Aging Influences in the Length of Anterior Commissure-Posterior Commissure Line

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Probabilistic conversion of neurosurgical DBS electrode coordinates into MNI space

Probabilistic conversion of neurosurgical DBS electrode coordinates into MNI space

Anterior Commissure - Posterior Commissure Revisited

Deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus internus and Gilles de la Tourette syndrome: Toward multiple networks modulation

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