Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat Data Reveals High Genetic Diversity in Wild Populations of the Narrowly Distributed Endemic Lilium regale in the Minjiang River Valley of China

Abstract

Lilium regale E.H. Wilson is endemic to a narrow geographic area in the Minjiang River valley in southwestern China, and is considered an important germplasm for breeding commercially valuable lily varieties, due to its vigorous growth, resistance to diseases and tolerance for low moisture. We analyzed the genetic diversity of eight populations of L. regale sampled across the entire natural distribution range of the species using Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat markers. The genetic diversity (expected heterozygosity= 0.3356) was higher than those reported for other narrowly distributed endemic plants. The levels of inbreeding (F st = 0.1897) were low, and most of the genetic variability was found to be within (80.91%) than amongpopulations (19.09%). An indirect estimate of historical levels of gene flow (N m =1.0678) indicated high levels of gene flow among populations. The eight analyzed populations clustered into three genetically distinct groups. Based on these results, we recommend conservation of large populations representing these three genetically distinct groups.

Genetic variation of maiden lily (Lilium rubellum Baker) within and among three natural populations in Fukushima Prefecture in Japan

“…Since these samples were collected near the alpine belt (approximately 1,300 MASL), the population was expected to have greater variation because subalpine species have been shown to harbour greater variation in the highlands of central Japan (Ohsawa & Ide, 2011). The relatively high genetic diversity of L. rubellum may be attributable to its potential mixed mating system and longrange pollen and seed dispersal, which is also common in other Lilium species like L. regale (Wu et al, 2015) In the UPGMA dendrogram at 0.61 similarity index, the three populations of L. rubellum collected in Fukushima Prefecture were clearly differentiated. The analysis of interpopulation variation through AMOVA showed that there was 29.52% of variation among populations.…”

“…Only seven Lilium species have had their genetic diversity assessed using molecular techniques (Arzate-Fernández, Miwa, Shimada, Yonekura, & Ogawa, 2005;Huang et al, 2009;Ikinci & Oberprieler, 2010;Persson, Lundquist, & Nybom, 1998;Wen & Hsiao, 2001;Wu et al, 2015). One of the first techniques used in order to assess genetic diversity was Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (Williams, Kubelik, Livak, Rafalski, & Tingey, 1990).…”

Lilium regale (Liliaceae) naturalizada en la Argentina y nuevos registros para Brasil austral

“…Distribución. Especie endémica de la provincia de Sichuan, China, donde crece entre los 800-2500 m s.n.m., en márgenes de cursos de agua y laderas rocosas, en un área reducida de unos 170 km 2 en el valle del río Min, sujeta a los cambios en el uso de las tierras, deslizamientos y terremotos (Matthews, 1986;Liang & Tamura, 2000;Wu et al, 2015). Fue introducida a principios del siglo XX en Inglaterra y en los Estados Unidos por el explorador y botánico británico Ernest Henry Wilson (1876Wilson ( -1930, como bulbosa ornamental de vigoroso crecimiento y resistencia a las enfermedades.…”

“…Según Ying et al (2014), la fragancia de las flores atrae insectos polinizadores, y sus compuestos volátiles presentan un patrón de emisión máximo por la noche. Según Wu et al (2015) la polinización es anemófila y las plantas cultivadas ex situ presentan autopolinización. Las plantas se propagan por semillas, dispersadas por el viento, y también por vía vegetativa a través de sus bulbos.…”

“…Lilium L. comprende 80-110 especies de zonas templadas y áreas montañosas de zonas cálidas del hemisferio norte. Es más abundante en China, donde se hallan 55 especies, de las cuales 35 son endémicas, entre ellas, L. regale (Liang & Tamura, 2000;Wu et al, 2015). Además, L. regale ha sido hallada naturalizada en Brasil, en los estados de Minas Gerais, São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina y Rio Grande do Sul (Schneider, 2007;REFLORA, 2018), y se incluyen aquí dos nuevos registros para Paraná y Santa Catarina, no mencionados con anterioridad.…”