Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins

doi:10.1017/9781108610995

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 1,534 publications

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“…However, the physical meaning of the model and its coefficients is different as it couples SST anomalies in two different regions (instead of the SST anomalies and thermocline depth anomaly in the same region). This approach addresses the issue of the relationships between the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific, which are still under debate because they depend upon the period of study (Rodrıǵuez-Fonseca et al, 2009;Martıń-Rey et al, 2014;Martıń-Rey et al, 2015;Mechoso, 2020). Starting from the observations of the temperature anomalies, e A and e P , in both the Pacific and Atlantic oceans (for the period from 1900 to 2009), the ReOsc + gives the matrix coefficients, a jk , and the amplitudes of the noise affecting each anomaly, s j (further details in section 2.3, and in Appendix A of the Supplementary Information).…”

Section: The Recharge Oscillator Model With the Reosc And Reosc+ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENSO coupling to the equatorial Atlantic: Analysis with an extended improved recharge oscillator model

et al. 2023

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IntroductionObservational and modeling studies have examined the interactions between El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the equatorial Atlantic variability as incorporated into the classical charge-recharge oscillator model of ENSO. These studies included the role of the Atlantic in the predictability of ENSO but assumed stationarity in the relationships, i.e., that models’ coefficients do not change over time. A recent work by the authors has challenged the stationarity assumption in the ENSO framework but without considering the equatorial Atlantic influence on ENSO.MethodsThe present paper addresses the changing relationship between ENSO and the Atlantic El Niño using an extended version of the recharge oscillator model. The classical two-variable model of ENSO is extended by adding a linear coupling on the SST anomalies in the equatorial Atlantic. The model’s coefficients are computed for different periods. This calculation is done using two methods to fit the model to the data: (1) the traditional method (ReOsc), and (2) a novel method (ReOsc+) based on fitting the Fisher’s Z transform of the auto and cross-correlation functions.ResultsWe show that, during the 20th century, the characteristic damping rate of the SST and thermocline depth anomalies in the Pacific have decreased in time by a factor of 2 and 3, respectively. Moreover, the damping time of the ENSO fluctuations has doubled from 10 to 20 months, and the oscillation period of ENSO has decreased from 60-70 months before the 1960s to 50 months afterward. These two changes have contributed to enhancing ENSO amplitude. The results also show that correlations between ENSO and the Atlantic SST strengthened after the 70s and the way in which the impact of the equatorial Atlantic is added to the internal ENSO variability.ConclusionsThe remote effects of the equatorial Atlantic on ENSO must be considered in studies of ENSO dynamics and predictability during specific time-periods. Our results provide further insight into the evolution of the ENSO dynamics and its coupling to the equatorial Atlantic, as well as an improved tool to study the coupling of climatic and ecological variables.

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Section: The Recharge Oscillator Model With the Reosc And Reosc+ Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENSO coupling to the equatorial Atlantic: Analysis with an extended improved recharge oscillator model

et al. 2023

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“…Tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) interacts with the other oceanic basins through atmospheric and oceanic pathways [6][7][8][9] . There are two main modes of variability in the Indian Ocean, one is the Indian Ocean Basin Mode (IOBM) and the other is the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictability of Indian Ocean Precipitation and its North Atlantic teleconnections during early Winter

Abid

Kucharski

Molteni

et al. 2022

Preprint

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The Tropical Western-Central Indian Ocean (WCIO) precipitation anomalies play an important role in modulating the anomalous climate conditions in the northern hemisphere during the boreal early winter (November-December; ND) season. In this study, we analyzed the forcing mechanism and predictability for the early winter tropical WCIO precipitation anomalies and its teleconnections to the North Atlantic region. The two main forcing mechanisms emerging are i) Autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and ii) a direct atmospheric teleconnection from El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Since the autumn IOD is partially forced by ENSO, their independent contributions are also investigated. We found that the IOD contribution dominates over the ENSO contribution. The ECMWF-SEAS5 seasonal re-forecast dataset reproduces these forcing mechanisms well and shows a substantial prediction skill for the ND WCIO precipitation index. Moreover, the North Atlantic response to the positive WCIO phase projects spatially onto the positive phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) through atmospheric teleconnections and leads to warming in the central and western European region. This teleconnection is reproduced by ECMWF-SEAS5, but with weaker amplitude. Moreover, a substantial prediction skill for the NAO as well as for the central and western European temperature anomalies is noted, which is mostly induced by the Indian Ocean precipitation anomalies during early winter.

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Predictability of Indian Ocean precipitation and its North Atlantic teleconnections during early winter

et al. 2023

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The Tropical Western-Central Indian Ocean (WCIO) precipitation anomalies play an important role in modulating the anomalous climate conditions in the North Atlantic and European (NAE) region during the early boreal winter (November–December; ND) season. In this study, we analyzed the forcing mechanism and predictability for the early winter tropical WCIO precipitation anomalies and its teleconnections to the North Atlantic region. The two main forcing mechanisms emerging are the autumn Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and a direct atmospheric teleconnection from El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Since the autumn IOD is partially forced by ENSO, their independent contributions are also investigated. We found the IOD dominates over the ENSO contribution. The ECMWF-SEAS5 seasonal re-forecast reproduces these forcing mechanisms well and shows a substantial prediction skill for early winter WCIO precipitation. Moreover, the North Atlantic response to the positive WCIO phase projects spatially onto the positive North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase through atmospheric teleconnections and leads to warming in central and western Europe. This teleconnection is reproduced by ECMWF-SEAS5, but with weaker amplitude. Moreover, a significant prediction skill for the NAO as well as for the central and western European temperature anomalies is noted, which is mostly induced by the Indian Ocean precipitation anomalies during early winter.

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Interacting Climates of Ocean Basins

Cited by 4 publications

References 1,534 publications

ENSO coupling to the equatorial Atlantic: Analysis with an extended improved recharge oscillator model

ENSO coupling to the equatorial Atlantic: Analysis with an extended improved recharge oscillator model

Predictability of Indian Ocean Precipitation and its North Atlantic teleconnections during early Winter

Predictability of Indian Ocean precipitation and its North Atlantic teleconnections during early winter

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