Interacting Interannual Variability of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Rodríguez‐Fonseca, Belén; undefined, Yoo-Geun Ham; Lee, Sang Ki; Martín‐Rey, Marta; Sánchez, Isidro Moreno; Rodrigues, Regina R.

doi:10.1017/9781108610995.005

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 1,530 publications

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“…The Atlantic Niño configuration change has been linked to large‐scale modulations such as AMV and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) (Losada et al., 2022; Martín‐Rey et al., 2014; Rodríguez‐Fonseca et al., 2019). AMV is the leading mode of multidecadal SST variability in the Atlantic, where a positive (negative) AMV is associated with a basin‐wide warming (cooling) of the North Atlantic (Enfield et al., 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Atmospheric Response of Atlantic Niños to Changes in the Ocean Background State

Svendsen,

Rodríguez‐Fonseca,

Mohino

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Since the 1970s, Atlantic Niños during boreal summer have been linked to Pacific La Niñas the following winter. Earlier studies have explained the appearance of the Atlantic‐Pacific teleconnection with changing Atlantic Niño configurations. Here we find that the non‐stationarity of this teleconnection can also be explained by changes in the ocean background state, without changing the Atlantic Niño configuration. Experiments with different atmospheric general circulation models are performed where the same Atlantic Niño pattern is prescribed to different global ocean background states. The 1975–1985 global mean sea surface temperature forces a Walker Circulation response and low‐level convergence over the Maritime Continent, increasing the chance of triggering a La Niña‐like event in the Pacific. These results suggest that ENSO‐predictions could be improved in certain periods by considering tropical Atlantic variability.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tropical Atmospheric Response of Atlantic Niños to Changes in the Ocean Background State

Svendsen,

Rodríguez‐Fonseca,

Mohino

et al. 2023

Geophysical Research Letters

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Distinct decadal modulation of Atlantic-Niño influence on ENSO

et al. 2023

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It is known that winter Atlantic-Niño events can induce the El Niño–Southern oscillation (ENSO) in the following winter with a lag of 1-year during one period. On the other hand, summer Atlantic-Niño events can lead to the ENSO in the subsequent winter with a half-year lag during another period. In this study, we investigate the distinct interdecadal modulation of the effect of the Atlantic-Niños on ENSO by analyzing observational reanalysis datasets. During the mid-twentieth century, the winter Atlantic-Niño exhibited increased intensity and extended westward due to warmer conditions in the tropical western Atlantic. As a result, convection occurred from the Amazon to the Atlantic, triggering an atmospheric teleconnection that led to trade wind discharging and equatorial Kelvin waves, ultimately contributing to the development of ENSO. In contrast, during late twentieth century, summer Atlantic-Niño events were closely linked to the South America low-level jet in boreal spring. This connection led to the formation of widespread and intense convection over the Amazon to the Atlantic region. Then, the Walker circulation was effectively modulated, subsequently triggering ENSO events. Further analysis revealed that the interdecadal modulation of the Atlantic–South America–Pacific mean state plays a crucial role in shaping the impact of Atlantic-Niños on ENSO by modifying not only the characteristics of the Atlantic-Niños but also ocean–atmospheric feedback process. Therefore, improving our understanding of the interdecadal modulation of the climatological mean state over the Pacific to Atlantic regions enables better anticipation of the interaction between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

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Changes in Interannual Tropical Atlantic–Pacific Basin Interactions Modulated by a South Atlantic Cooling

et al. 2022

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Although tropical interbasin interactions at interannual time scales are presently receiving much attention, their controlling factors and variations on longer time scales are under debate. Tropical convection plays a crucial role in the occurrence and non-stationarity of them. In this paper, we investigate the dependence of interannual tropical Atlantic-Pacific basin interactions on convection-related features of the tropical oceans’ climatology, especially the ITCZ position. We contrast a CGCM control simulation with an experimentin which tropical convection is modified by an artificial perturbation outside the tropics that reduces the incident shortwave radiation in a region of the south Atlantic. Based on previous work, this modification is expected to shift in latitude the climatological position of the simulated ITCZ. The experiment shows altered Walker circulations, stronger interannual variability over the tropical oceans, a westward extension of the Atlantic Niño pattern and of convection, and shallower thermocline in the Pacific, making the basin more sensitive to both local and remote perturbations. As a consequence, the experiment shows enhanced interannual Atlantic-Pacific basin interactions at the equator, and weaker teleconnections between the North Tropical Atlantic and the equatorial Pacific. The latter seems to occur because the impact of the warm Atlantic SST anomalies is offset by the presence of warm SST anomalies in El Niño region. Despite the uncertainties raised because the simulations are relatively short, we conclude that this work presents a potential explanation for the long-term changes in the tropical basin interactions and offers a novel and useful methodology for their analysis.

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Interacting Interannual Variability of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans

Cited by 3 publications

References 1,530 publications

Tropical Atmospheric Response of Atlantic Niños to Changes in the Ocean Background State

Tropical Atmospheric Response of Atlantic Niños to Changes in the Ocean Background State

Distinct decadal modulation of Atlantic-Niño influence on ENSO

Changes in Interannual Tropical Atlantic–Pacific Basin Interactions Modulated by a South Atlantic Cooling

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