Interaction between Aeroallergens and Airborne Particulate Matter

Behrendt, Heidrun; Becker, Wolf‐Meinhard; Friedrichs, K. H.; Darsow, Ulf; Tomingas, R.

doi:10.1159/000236303

Cited by 109 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…The pollen of plants stressed by air pollution express enhanced levels of allergenic proteins [158]. Pollen grains collected from roadsides with heavy traffic and from other areas with high levels of air pollution, are covered with large numbers of microparticulates (usually v5 mm in diameter) and it appears that interaction between air pollution components and pollen allergens alters the antigenicity of pollen allergens [161].…”

Section: Plant-derived Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor air pollution, climatic changes and allergic bronchial asthma

D’Amato¹,

Liccardi²,

D’Amato³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

223

158

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Both the prevalence and severity of respiratory allergic diseases such as bronchial asthma have increased in recent years. Among the factors implicated in this "epidemic" are indoor and outdoor airborne pollutants. Urbanisation with its high levels of vehicle emissions and Westernised lifestyle parallels the increase in respiratory allergy in most industrialised countries, and people who live in urban areas tend to be more affected by the disease than those of rural areas. In atopic subjects, exposure to air pollution increases airway responsiveness to aeroallergens. Pollen is a good model with which to study the interrelationship between air pollution and respiratory allergic diseases. Biological aerosols carrying antigenic proteins, such as pollen grains or plantderived paucimicronic components, can produce allergic symptoms. By adhering to the surface of these airborne allergenic agents, air pollutants could modify their antigenic properties. Several factors influence this interaction, i.e., type of air pollutant, plant species, nutrient balance, climatic factors, degree of airway sensitisation and hyperresponsiveness of exposed subjects. However, the airway mucosal damage and the impaired mucociliary clearance induced by air pollution may facilitate the penetration and the access of inhaled allergens to the cells of the immune system, and so promote airway sensitisation. As a consequence, an enhanced immunoglobulin E-mediated response to aeroallergens and enhanced airway inflammation favoured by air pollution could account for the increasing prevalence of allergic respiratory diseases in urban areas.

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Section: Plant-derived Allergensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor air pollution, climatic changes and allergic bronchial asthma

D’Amato¹,

Liccardi²,

D’Amato³

et al. 2002

Eur Respir J

223

158

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“…It acts as a carrier matrix for bacteria, fungi, pollens and/or their derivatives/parts affecting their shapes, sizes, chemical and biological composition and resultant aerodynamic behavior, dispersion and deposition (Behrendt et al, 1992;Glikson et al, 1995;Knox et al, 1997;Ormstad et al, 1998;Risse et al, 2000;Monn, 2001). As evident from previous studies (e.g., Lierl and Hornung, 2003), although each pollutant has its own adverse effect, the synergistic effects of particulate matter and bioaerosols can increase the chances of allergies and pulmonary problems (Adhikari et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Airborne Microflora in the Indoor Micro-Environments of Residential Houses of Lahore, Pakistan

Sidra

Ali

Sultan

et al. 2015

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The presence of micro-organisms in air is taken for granted, but understanding the identities, distribution and abundance of airborne micro-organisms remains in its infancy. Indoor exposure to micro-organisms has been related to range of adverse health outcomes. The indoor levels of particulate matter and bioaerosols were monitored in thirty houses across Lahore, Pakistan. Two DustTrak aerosol monitors (model 8520, TSI Inc.) were run simultaneously in the kitchens and living rooms of the selected sites to measure fine particulate matter. At the same time, agar coated petri plates were exposed face upwards for twenty minutes to sample the micro-organisms present in surrounding air of both micro-environments. A total of 7 bacterial species and 11 fungal species were identified including Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Micrococcus spp. and Serratia spp. while the predominant fungal species were Alternaria alternata and Aspergillus spp. The concentrations (cfu m ranged between 236 and 1887 in the kitchen and from 315 to 1887 in the living room. A seasonal variation in bioaerosols was evident in the kitchens while being not so pronounced in the living rooms. A linear regression model showed a direct association of temperature with bacteria and fine particulate matter but not with fungi. Ventilation was also observed to have a significant impact upon PM levels. Out of 30 households sixteen had the presence of at least one individual with allergenic reactions. These findings highlight the enhanced risk of exposure to fine particulate matter as well as bioaerosols in the urban residential built environment in Pakistan.

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“…Changes in climate [6] following direct or indirect anthropological actions [7,8] have also modified plant characteristics and their distribution; moreover, changes in the weather have affected pollen distribution and the length of pollination periods. Air pollution can influence the allergenic content of plants causing modifications in pollen production and allergenic proteins of pollen grains [9]. In addition, the interaction with microparticles from heavy traffic could modify the antigenicity of pollen content [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Airborne Pollen Concentrations and the Incidence of Allergic Asthma and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Northern Italy from 1992 to 2003

Ridolo

Albertini²,

Giordano³

et al. 2006

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: Aeroallergens and the environment play an important role in the pathogenesis of respiratory allergies. In a 12-year study carried out in Northern Italy (geographic area of Parma), the effects of airborne pollen and meteorological conditions on the incidence of allergic asthma and rhinoconjunctivitis were evaluated. Patients and Methods: Among 9,060 subjects examined for respiratory pathologies at our Allergy Unit, Parma Hospital, Italy, from 1992 to 2003, only 1,054 positive to only one type of inhalant allergen in the skin prick test were studied, to avoid bias of cross-reactivity. Allergy and clinical aspects were compared with the duration of the pollination period, and peaks and total concentrations of airborne pollen. Results: Our data showed a significantly growing trend of allergy to mites, pets and birch pollen and a significant increase in asthma, and a significantly decreasing trend of positive reactions to grasses and a decrease in rhinoconjunctivitis. At the same time, there was a significant decrease in total pollen counts, concentration peaks and pollination period of grasses. A significant increase was only observed in ragweed and ash-olive total and peak pollen concentrations. Conclusions: Significant correlations between the increasing incidence in asthma and allergy to mites, pets and birch pollen are shown. The decrease in the total pollen count and concentration peaks of grass pollen was correlated to the decreasing trend of rhinoconjunctivitis. The trend of increasing concentrations of ash-olive and ragweed pollen was not accompanied by an increase in the related allergy.

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Interaction between Aeroallergens and Airborne Particulate Matter

Cited by 109 publications

References 5 publications

Outdoor air pollution, climatic changes and allergic bronchial asthma

Outdoor air pollution, climatic changes and allergic bronchial asthma

Assessment of Airborne Microflora in the Indoor Micro-Environments of Residential Houses of Lahore, Pakistan

Airborne Pollen Concentrations and the Incidence of Allergic Asthma and Rhinoconjunctivitis in Northern Italy from 1992 to 2003

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