Interaction between Ailanthus altissima and Native Robinia pseudoacacia in Early Succession: Implications for Forest Management

Nilsen, Erik T.; Huebner, Cynthia D.; Carr, David E.; Bao, Zhe

doi:10.3390/f9040221

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…This pattern was evident in our study, but as noted earlier, some of the invasive species present in the blowdowns that we studied had characteristics of late‐successional species, such as shade‐tolerance, which may allow them to persist as succession progresses (Martin et al, ). The expected trajectory of succession may not be the case in our study area since successional patterns can be altered by both windstorms (Holzmueller, Gibson, & Suchecki, ; Rich, Frelich, & Reich, ) and invasive species (Flory & Clay, ; Nilsen, Huebner, Carr, & Bao, ). Additionally, our study only covers 12 years of secondary succession progress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of forest windstorm disturbance on invasive plants in protected areas of southern Illinois, USA

Daniels

Larson

2019

Journal of Ecology

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1. Invasive plant populations respond positively to light increase from windstormcaused canopy damage, but are typically out-competed over time as the tree canopy recovers. Some invasive plants have the ability to slow or even completely prevent canopy regrowth. It is important to understand invasive plant dynamics in windstorm blowdowns to inform effective forest management. We hypothesized that blowdown areas are more invaded than unaffected forest and that invadedness of a blowdown will decrease with increasing time since disturbance and increase with disturbance magnitude.2. We used Landsat imagery to identify 31 blowdowns caused by one of three storms in southern Illinois of the United States: 2006 tornado, 2009 derecho or 2017 tornado. We statistically matched these blowdowns to areas of unaffected forest based on slope, aspect, elevation, distance to a road and distance to a trail.We surveyed blowdown and unaffected units for invasive plants in summer 2018.Disturbance magnitude was measured in two ways: per cent change in normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and area of blowdown.3. Overall, blowdowns were more invaded than their statistically matched areas.Invadedness of blowdowns decreased with increasing time since disturbance, indicating that the blowdowns are recovering as tree canopy regrowth shades out invasive plants. Per cent change in NDVI was not a supported predictor of blowdown invadedness, but invadedness was strongly positively related to blowdown size. Larger blowdowns recover more slowly than smaller disturbances due to different recovery pathways, providing more time and opportunity for the spread and establishment of invasive plants. Synthesis.Our findings suggest that although blowdowns contained higher cover of invasive plants than forest unaffected by windstorms, invasive plants were responding negatively to canopy regrowth. Land managers should prioritize treatment of invasive plants in larger and more recent blowdowns. K E Y W O R D S blowdown, canopy disturbance, derecho, Elaeagnus umbellata, Illinois, Landsat, Lonicera japonica, tornado S U PP O RTI N G I N FO R M ATI O N Additional supporting information may be found online in the Supporting Information section at the end of the article. How to cite this article: Daniels MK, Larson ER. Effects of forest windstorm disturbance on invasive plants in protected areas of southern Illinois, USA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Effects of forest windstorm disturbance on invasive plants in protected areas of southern Illinois, USA

Daniels

Larson

2019

Journal of Ecology

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“…Examples of direct facilitative interactions of native species on non‐natives in abiotically harsh and low‐productivity environments are common (examples above), but there are examples from more productive environments (e.g. Nilsen et al., 2018; Saccone et al., 2010; Von Holle, 2005). For instance, the North American Acer negundo has invaded the Middle Rhone floodplains forest of France where it reaches much higher densities than in its native range (Reinhart & Callaway, 2004).…”

Section: Native Species Directly Facilitating Non‐native Species (I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, in highly productive temperate forests of North America, Nilsen et al. (2018) found that the highly invasive Eurasian species Ailanthus altissima , performed much better when experimentally planted with the native Robinia pseudoacacia than when in monoculture.…”

Section: Native Species Directly Facilitating Non‐native Species (I)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Facilitation and the invasibility of plant communities

Cavieres

2021

Journal of Ecology

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One of the most studied emergent functions of plant community diversity is the resistance of diverse communities to non‐native invasions. As emphasized in this Special Feature, facilitation among native species is a key mechanism by which biodiversity increases various functions, including resistance to invasion. However, when diverse assemblages facilitate non‐native species, diversity–invasibility resistance may be compromised. Here, I review the scientific literature on plant invasion in which facilitative interactions, either among native and non‐native plant species or among non‐native species, affect community invasibility. Native species can directly facilitate non‐native species, and also generate net indirect facilitative effects through suppressing species that compete with non‐native invaders, but examples of the latter are not common. Such direct and indirect facilitation among non‐native species contributes to ‘invasional meltdown’ that restructures native communities. In general, facilitative interactions between native and non‐native species increased with environmental stress, suggesting that community diversity might resist invasion more effectively in environmentally favourable sites, whereas in environmentally severe sites, facilitative interactions may contribute to invasibility. Synthesis. Native and non‐native species can facilitate each other in direct and indirect ways, with important consequences for the invasibility of communities. Facilitative interactions may alter the fundamental relationship between diversity and invasibility, particularly in environmentally severe habitats.

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“…Pioneer tree species plays a key role in the recovery of tree biomass C, for example, pine stands sequestered the highest amount of biomass C in the Midwestern and Appalachian coalfields, followed by hardwood and mixed stands [3]. Except for the pioneer tree or reclamation pattern, other factors also affected the accumulation of C, such as harvesting, fire and climate change [15][16][17][18], among which, competition for resources (e.g., nutrient, light) could be another important indicator [19][20][21][22][23]. It was deduced that the competition among trees was more fiercely in nutrient-lacking reclaimed dumps, because soil nutrient played an important role in tree's development and nutrient-depletion soil exacerbated the scarcity of resource [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra- and Interspecific Interactions among Pioneer Trees Affect Forest-Biomass Carbon Accumulation in a Nutrient-Deficient Reclaimed Coal Mine Spoil

Yuan

Ren

Gao

et al. 2020

Forests

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Pioneer trees play a key role in the recovery of a reclaimed ecosystem that is nutrient-deficient in the initial stage of reclamation. Clarifying the growth of pioneer trees and their response to intra- or interspecific competition is of great importance to help stewards manage reclaimed forest. Nevertheless, such documents are lacking. We utilized forestry inventory data from a R. pseudoacacia and P. tabuliformis mixed forest plot with an area of 8000 m2 to find out the effect of trees interaction on their growth (indicated by the amount of biomass carbon per stem) in a nutrient-lacking reclaimed ecosystem 17 years after reclamation in Pingshuo opencast coal mine, Shanxi Province, China. In total, 2133 tree individuals were measured and tagged; the kriging interpolation method was applied to map spatial variation of forest-biomass carbon (C). Univariate and bivariate mark correlation functions were employed to examine the effect of intra- and interspecific interactions on tree’s biomass C accumulation. The results showed that tree biomass C was 27.84 Mg ha−1 in the forest. C class structure of planted R. pseudoacacia followed inversed J-shaped distribution and seeded-in R. pseudoacacia and Ulmus pumila (a spontaneous species) had L-shaped distribution. P. tabuliformis, however, followed a nearly normal distribution. Patchy distribution was observed with regard to C spatial arrangement of all tree species. In terms of the intraspecific correlation of biomass C, no significant competitive or facilitative interactions (GoF p ≥ 0.05) was observed among conspecific trees of seeded-in R. pseudoacacia and P. tabuliformis. In contrast, significant negative interactions (GoF p < 0.05) or repulsion correlations between biomass C of planted R. pseudoacacia individuals and U. pumila individuals were found at the scale of 1–2 and 0–8.5 m, respectively. In term of the interspecfic spatial correlation of biomass C, a significant positive interaction between the heterospecific individuals of planted R. pseudoacacia and seeded-in R. pseudoacacia was observed at the scale of 2.5–4 and 12.5–15 m. Similarly, seeded-in R. pseudoacacia and U. pumila were found to be attracted by P. tabuliformis at 7–9 and 0–2 m, respectively. Conversely, significant departure effect was observed at the scale of 1–3 m between the biomass C of U. pumila and planted R. pseudoacacia and 4.5–5.5 m between the biomass C of U. pumila and seeded-in R. pseudoacacia. Consequently, R. pseudoacacia and P. tabuliformis could coexist for a long term and P. tabuliformis was a species that facilitated the accumulation of C of other tree species. Overall, complex intra- and interspecific interactions in nutrient-limit reclamation ecosystem affected biomass C accumulation. R. pseudoacacia–P. tabuliformis mixed forest could be an efficient reclamation pattern to restore biomass C in the Loess Plateau area.

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Interaction between Ailanthus altissima and Native Robinia pseudoacacia in Early Succession: Implications for Forest Management

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Effects of forest windstorm disturbance on invasive plants in protected areas of southern Illinois, USA

Effects of forest windstorm disturbance on invasive plants in protected areas of southern Illinois, USA

Facilitation and the invasibility of plant communities

Intra- and Interspecific Interactions among Pioneer Trees Affect Forest-Biomass Carbon Accumulation in a Nutrient-Deficient Reclaimed Coal Mine Spoil

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