Interaction between core and protection shell of N(butyl)4Cl- and N(octyl)4Cl-stabilized Pd colloids

Bucher, Stephan; Hormes, J.; Modrow, Hartwig; Brinkmann, Rainer; Waldöfner, Norbert; Bönnemann, Helmut; Beuermann, L.; Krischok, S.; Maus‐Friedrichs, W.; Kempter, V.

doi:10.1016/s0039-6028(01)01663-6

Cited by 67 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The traditional way of describing a metal particle in a colloidal suspension, is through the polar ammonium functionality directed towards the metal center and the a-polar alkyl chain sticking out. This is corroborated by results obtained in XANES studies on colloidal metal suspensions in organic solvents which indicate reduced metal surfaces to interact with the ionic moiety of alkyl ammonium stabilizers [12]. However, this description would not explain why the metal particles formed with HHDMA are highly soluble in water and cannot be extracted into an organic solvent.…”

Section: Preparation Of Colloidal Suspensions Of Pd Ptmentioning

confidence: 81%

BASF NanoSelect™ Technology: Innovative Supported Pd- and Pt-based Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation Reactions

Witte¹,

Berben²,

Boland³

et al. 2012

Top Catal

129

123

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An innovative BASF catalyst manufacturing technology (NanoSelect TM ) is introduced which allows production of heterogeneous catalysts with excellent control over metal crystallite sizes. NanoSelect TM technology enabled the development of Pd catalysts which are leadfree Lindlar catalyst replacements in alkyne-to-cis-alkene hydrogenations. NanoSelect TM Pt catalysts showed excellent chemoselectivity in substituted nitro-arene hydrogenation reactions without build-up of hydroxylamine intermediates. All NanoSelect TM produced catalysts show markedly higher activity per gram of metal leading to tenfold less use of precious metal.

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Section: Preparation Of Colloidal Suspensions Of Pd Ptmentioning

confidence: 81%

BASF NanoSelect™ Technology: Innovative Supported Pd- and Pt-based Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation Reactions

Witte¹,

Berben²,

Boland³

et al. 2012

Top Catal

129

123

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“…The setup of this beamline is described elsewhere in detail. 26 For the measurements, ELSA was operated at an electron energy of 2.7 GeV and an average electron current of 35 mA. The synchrotron radiation from ELSA was monochromatized with Si(400) crystals, which yield a step width of about 0.94 eV at the platinum L 111 -edge (11 564 eV).…”

Section: Experimental Details Of the Xanes Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of aluminum–organic‐stabilized platinum–colloid networks with electron and photon spectroscopies

Beuermann¹,

Maus‐Friedrichs²,

Krischok³

et al. 2003

Applied Organom Chemis

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We have measured and interpreted the ultraviolet (HeI) and X-ray photoelectron spectra and the metastable impact electron spectra (MIES) from aluminum-organic-stabilized platinum-colloids and colloid networks, deposited on silicon substrates and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning Auger electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. MIES, in particular, gives information on the electronic structure of the spacer molecules interconnecting the colloids.In addition, changes in the electronic structure of the platinum clusters that are induced by different spacer molecules were identified by means of X-ray absorption near-edge structure measurements at the platinum L III -edge of these materials. This combination of techniques was also employed to follow the chemical changes that occur upon heating of the network in situ. It turns out that the thermal decomposition of the network is driven by the disintegration of the spacer molecules. Moreover, less sintering of the colloidal particles occurs in the networked systems than in unconnected particles. Most of the networked platinum-particles are still present in their original shape even after the destruction of spacer molecules. This observation could be linked to the encapsulation of these platinum particles into an (Al-O) protecting shell.

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“…Some of the basic characterisation techniques included molecular spectroscopy, thermal analysis and microscopy. However, their structure-based applications are still under study [31] and some future studies would be needed for a full understanding of the metal-surfactant interactions [25]. It is expected that in the future, more studies would focus on their prospects for use in the synthesis of fine chemicals [44], on their improved properties [47] and on general application of surfactants in the production of "optoelectric materials and nanoparticles" [48].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it can be argued that "a detailed understanding of the metalsurfactant interaction for many products is missing" [25]. Nonetheless, the amphiphilic nature of these kinds of organometallics can allow for a certain degree of interpretations.…”

Section: Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal analysis provides a basis for understanding transition temperatures, thermal degradation or decompositions of materials, thus, understanding their thermal stability. In terms of crystal nature and self-assembly studies, X-ray diffraction [42] and microscopy have been reportedly used to characterise organometallic surfactants [17] [20] [25]. The analysis of the metal ion or atom present is also of great importance.…”

Section: Routes To Understanding Structure and Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Properties, Characterizations and Applications of Organometallic Surfactants—A Review

Magami¹,

Garba²,

Ibrahim

2015

MSCE

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This review focuses on organometallic surfactant frameworks considering their wide applications. Organometallic surfactants have grown from being used as dewaxers in complex industrial processes to the production of nanoparticles and for use in many drug delivery applications. Their properties such as self assembly, forming supramolecular structures are outstanding, providing for their myriad industrial usage. In this review, an account of properties, preparation techniques, characterisation techniques and uses of organometallic surfactants are covered.

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Interaction between core and protection shell of N(butyl)4Cl- and N(octyl)4Cl-stabilized Pd colloids

Cited by 67 publications

References 22 publications

BASF NanoSelect™ Technology: Innovative Supported Pd- and Pt-based Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation Reactions

BASF NanoSelect™ Technology: Innovative Supported Pd- and Pt-based Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation Reactions

Characterization of aluminum–organic‐stabilized platinum–colloid networks with electron and photon spectroscopies

Properties, Characterizations and Applications of Organometallic Surfactants—A Review

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