Interaction between cytokine gene polymorphisms and the effect of physical exercise on clinical and inflammatory parameters in older women: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundAging is associated with chronic low-grade inflammatory activity with an elevation of cytokine levels. An association between regular physical activity and reduction of blood levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines is demonstrated in the literature pointing to an anti-inflammatory effect related to exercise. However, there is no consensus regarding which type of exercise and which parameters are the most appropriate to influence inflammatory markers. Evidence indicates that the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) can influence the synthesis of those cytokines affecting their production.Methods/DesignThe design of this study is a randomized controlled trial. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction between the cytokine genes SNP and the effect of physical activity on older women. The main outcomes are: serum levels of sTNFR-1, sTNFR-2, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, measured by the ELISA method; genotyping of tumor necrosis factor- (TNF)-alpha (rs1800629), IL6 (rs1800795), IL10 (rs1800896) by the TaqMan Method (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA); and physical performance assessed by Timed Up and Go and 10-Meter Walk Tests. Secondary outcomes include: Geriatric Depression Scale, Perceived Stress Scaleand aerobic capacity, assessed by the six-minute walk; and lower limb muscle strength, using an isokinetic dinamometer (Biodex Medical Systems, Inc., Shirley, NY,USA). Both exercise protocols will be performed three times a week for 10 weeks, 30 sessions in total.DiscussionInvestigating the interaction between genetic factors and exercise effects of both protocols of exercise on the levels of inflammatory cytokine levels can contribute to guide clinical practice related to treatment and prevention of functional changes due to chronic inflammatory activity in older adults. This approach could develop new perspectives on preventive and treatment proposals in physical therapy and in the management of the older patient.Trial registration(ReBEC) RBR9v9cwf

TNF-α, IL6, and IL10 polymorphisms and the effect of physical exercise on inflammatory parameters and physical performance in elderly women

“…The study protocol and methods have been previously described in detail (Pereira et al 2012). The study population included 451 community-dweller elderly women aged 65 or older, all of whom led a sedentary lifestyle.…”

Relationship between Exercise Frequency and Stress in Korean Postmenopausal Women

“…특히 동물 및 임상 연구를 통해 운동은 다양한 신경전달물질과 인터루킨-6, TNF-a와 같은 사이토카인의 분비를 촉진시켜 스트레스의 감소를 가져온 다고 밝혀져 있다 (Pereira et al, 2012). (Goldberg, 1978;Lee CY et al, 1996).…”

“…본 연구에서는 폐경기 여성에서 시행한 PWI-SF 점수를 이용하여 스트레스의 척도로 활용하였다. (Gronli et al, 2007;Strohle, 2009;Pereira et al, 2012). (Kim HY et al, 1997;Yee et al, 1999;Ham EM et al, 2002).…”

Genomic medicine and the future of physiotherapy

“…3 Understanding genetic mechanisms involved in aging or disease through interventions such as physical exercise may open entirely new avenues or perspectives on protocols for prevention or management of common chronic conditions 4,5 using modifications produced in various physiological systems and pathologies. 6 The physiotherapy profession, along with many other medical groups, needs to act now to determine how the future of the profession can adapt to the new wave of personalised, genomic medicine.…”