Interaction between dietary potassium intake and TNF-α rs1800629 genetic polymorphism in gastric cancer risk: a case–control study conducted in Korea

Abstract

Mineral consumption has been suggested to have an impact on gastric cancer (GC) prevention. However, the protective effect of potassium against gastric carcinogenesis remains inconclusive. The causal link between inflammation and cancer is well established. Notably, potassium intake and potassium channels may play certain roles in regulating the production of tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). We aimed to determine whether dietary potassium intake is related to the risk of GC. We further observed whether this association was modified by TNF-α rs1800629. We designed a case–control study comprising 377 GC cases and 756 controls. Information on dietary potassium intake was collected using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Genotyping was performed by the Affymetrix Axiom Exom 319 Array platform. Unconditional logistic regression models were used to assess associations. A significantly reduced GC risk was found for those who consumed higher dietary potassium levels (odds ratio (OR)=0.63, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.45-0.89, P for trend=0.009). In the dominant model, we observed a nonsignificant association between TNF-α rs1800629 and GC risk (OR=1.01, 95% CI=0.68-1.49). In females, those who were homozygous for the major allele (G) of rs1800629 with a higher intake of dietary potassium exhibited a decreased risk of GC (OR=0.40, 95% CI=0.20-0.78, P interaction=0.041). This finding emphasizes the beneficial effect of potassium intake on GC prevention. However, this association could be modified by TNF-α rs1800629 genotypes. A greater protective effect was exhibited for females with GG homozygotes and high potassium intake.

Exploring the association between inflammatory biomarkers and gastric cancer development: A two-sample mendelian randomization analysis.

“…[67] Various environmental and genetic evaluations underscore that heightened levels of pro-inflammatory markers correlate with an increased risk of developing gastric cancer. [68–70] This concordance is further corroborated by a national, population-based matched cohort study, which posits a similar positive relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and the advent of gastric malignancy. In this context, our research presented findings that the interleukin 6 receptor curtails the risk of gastric malignancy (OR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.74–0.99, P = .03, using the IVW method), a revelation that seemingly contradicts existing literature, potentially attributable to a limited sample size that could introduce bias.…”

The role of metal ions in the occurrence, progression, drug resistance, and biological characteristics of gastric cancer

“…In the context of gastric cancer, potassium ions have been identified to have a significant impact. Existing research supports the notion that higher levels of potassium intake, ranging from 2.5 to 2.8 g/d, are associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer (Choi et al, 2022;Tran et al, 2022). In terms of signaling pathways related to potassium ions, monovalent cations like K + primarily modulate membrane potential and indirectly influence other ion signaling pathways, in contrast to divalent cations such as Ca 2+ and Mn 2+ which act as second messengers (Stone et al, 2016).…”