Interaction between estradiol and prolactin on vasoactive intestinal peptide concentrations in the hypothalamus and in the anterior pituitary of the female rat

Maletti, M.; Rostène, William; Carr, Laurence A.; Scherrer, H; Rotten, D.; Kordon, C.; Rosselin, G

doi:10.1016/0304-3940(82)90312-3

Cited by 42 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For example, in order for estradiol to decrease hypothalamic VIP content in female rats, high levels of serum prolactin are required, even though prolactin by itself has no effect (Maletti et al, 1982). Moreover, in another instance where a steroid hormone alters a neurotransmitter-related event, it has recently been reported that an as-yet-unidentified pituitary factor is required for estradiol to decrease transcription of the gene for tyrosine hydroxylase in the rat hypothalamus (Blum et al, 1986(Blum et al, , 1987.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat

Harrelson¹,

McEwen²

1987

J. Neurosci.

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In investigating the feedback effects of circulating hormones on the brain, we showed previously that adrenalectomy (ADX) increases vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-stimulated cAMP generation in slices from rat hippocampus, a brain structure with high levels of glucocorticoid receptors. This effect is reversed by replacement with glucocorticoids such as dexamethasone (DEX) and corticosterone (CORT). Here we report that, like ADX, hypophysectomy (HYPOX) also elevates VIP- stimulated cAMP generation, compared with sham-operated controls. Moreover, like glucocorticoid replacement, administration of ACTH to HYPOX rats causes a decrease in cAMP stimulation by VIP. Furthermore, ACTH had no effect when given to HYPOX + ADX rats, indicating that the effects of ACTH require the presence of adrenal steroid secretion. However, we find that ACTH may have a permissive role in this glucocorticoid effect because, in the absence of the pituitary, DEX treatment does not decrease VIP-stimulated cAMP levels in the hippocampus. In addition, hippocampal beta-adrenergic-stimulated cAMP accumulation was not suppressed by DEX treatment of HYPOX rats, which again is different from the effect of DEX treatment on ADX animals. These results are discussed in terms of possible synergism between pituitary hormones and steroid hormones in exerting feedback actions on brain function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat

Harrelson¹,

McEwen²

1987

J. Neurosci.

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“…Various workers have reported that small concentrations of immunoreactive V IP can be detected in the anterior pituitary [13, 37,69] and that this immunoreactivity is increased with es trogen treatment [33,45].…”

Section: Localization and Regulation Of Vip In The Anterior Pituitarymentioning

confidence: 99%

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in the Hypothalamus and Pituitary

Lam¹

1991

Neuroendocrinology

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Data are presented to show that vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is synthesized and secreted by the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary and that it participates in the regulation of pituitary functions. Immunoreactive VIP in the hypothalamus and pituitary is increased following estrogen treatment and adrenalectomy and is reduced in hyperprolactinemic states. The level of VIP mRNA in the hypothalamus is increased during lactation and sexual maturation, while that in the anterior pituitary shows a sexual dimorphism and is increased with estrogen treatment and hypothyroidism. All these findings suggest a physiological regulation of hypothalamic and pituitary VIP gene expression in relation to its potential role as a neuroendocrine hormone. Furthermore, VIP stimulates prolactin (PRL) release at concentrations attainable in the hypophyseal-portal blood. Passive immunoneutralization studies with anti-VIP antisera suggest that endogenous VIP acts at multiple loci in the hypothalamic-pituitary axis to regulate PRL secretion, interacting possibly with other regulators of PRL secretion such as estrogen, serotonin, cholecystokinin, prostaglandins, galanin and oxytocin. Regarding other pituitary functions, although VIP has been shown to release growth hormone, ACTH, and vasopressin in vivo and in vitro, the physiological significance of these findings remains to be determined.

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“…In certain settings, immunoreactivity to VIP and its synthesis are modified; thus, these parameters have been found to increase in hypothy roidism [7,10], following treatment with estrogen [5,8,11] or due to the action of dopaminergic antagonist [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Morphometric and Proliferative Variations in VIP-Immunoreactive Pituitary Cells Induced by Estradiol

Carretero

Rubio²,

Sánchez³

et al. 1995

Neuroendocrinology

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Using double labelling for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), a study was conducted to elucidate the repercussions of the addition of estradiol to monolayer pituitary cultures on the morphology, size, number, mitotic index and PCNA labelling index of VIP-immunoreactive cells, comparing the results with those obtained in control cultures. The addition of estradiol (100 nM) over 3 h of incubation led to a significant increase (p < 0.01) in the cellular, cytoplasmic and nuclear areas of VIP-immunoreactive cells and in the number of these cells. The same treatment elicited an even greater increase in the mitotic index (p < 0.01) and PCNA labelling index (p < 0.01) of VIP-immunoreactive cells. The results obtained suggest that estrogens induce proliferation and hyperplasia of in vitro VIP-immunoreactive pituitary cells.

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Interaction between estradiol and prolactin on vasoactive intestinal peptide concentrations in the hypothalamus and in the anterior pituitary of the female rat

Cited by 42 publications

References 31 publications

Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat

Hypophysectomy increases vasoactive intestinal peptide-stimulated cyclic AMP generation in the hippocampus of the rat

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide in the Hypothalamus and Pituitary

In vitro Morphometric and Proliferative Variations in VIP-Immunoreactive Pituitary Cells Induced by Estradiol

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