Interaction between humus form and herbicide toxicity to Collembola (Hexapoda)

Abstract

International audienceLaboratory experiments were conducted using intact collembolan communities, exposed to Madit D-(R) a phenylurea herbicide (active ingredient isoproturon). Effects were investigated using two distinct humus types, an acid Dysmoder and a neutral Eumull. Within two weeks, no effect of the herbicide was displayed by the Eumull population, while the Dysmoder population was stimulated. When animals were able to escape from the herbicide through a perforated wall separating two compartments filled with natural soil, the behavior of collembolan communities exhibited interactive (non-additive) effects of humus type and herbicide application. The combination of an acid soil (supposedly providing greater tolerance to organic pollutants) with a neutral soil, increased biodiversity of Collembola, but caused the disappearance of some acido-sensitive species, pointing to complex relationships between pesticides, soils and soil organisms. Parallel experiments with single species demonstrated that at the recommended dose Madit D-(R) may cause avoidance effects, but no toxicity

Metais pesados, agrotóxicos e combustíveis: efeito na população de colêmbolos no solo

“…A sensibilidade de desenvolvimento dos colêmbolos é assunto de alguns trabalhos desenvolvidos com metais pesados (SON et al, 2007;SANTORUFO et al, 2012) e agrotóxicos em condição de campo (RENAUD et al, 2004;FOUNTAIN et al, 2007) e em condições de laboratório (KANG et al, 2001;PONGE et al, 2002). No entanto, são poucos os trabalhos envolvendo combustíveis e que avaliam os efeitos sobre a reprodução dos colêmbolos no solo, sejam em condição de campo ou em laboratório.…”

Facteurs contrôlant la variabilité spatiale de la macrofaune du sol dans une hêtraie pure et une hêtraie–charmaie

“…Cette hypothèse est validée par l'analyse de co-inertie, mais pas par les géostatistiques. Sous peuplement pur, la litière est monospécifique et de médiocre qualité (possédant un fort taux de composés phénoliques [58] qui la rendent peu appétente pour les organismes fragmenteurs [67]). La ressource facilement assimilable va donc être le produit le l'activité des microorganismes capables de rendre plus accessibles le carbone et l'azote contenus dans ces composés [58,67,68].…”

“…Sous peuplement pur, la litière est monospécifique et de médiocre qualité (possédant un fort taux de composés phénoliques [58] qui la rendent peu appétente pour les organismes fragmenteurs [67]). La ressource facilement assimilable va donc être le produit le l'activité des microorganismes capables de rendre plus accessibles le carbone et l'azote contenus dans ces composés [58,67,68]. L'hypothèse du contrôle proximal de la répartition spatiale de la macrofaune (c'est-à-dire interne à l'épisolum humifère) est acceptée.…”

The use of directional traps for the assessment of short-term phenanthrene effects upon soil springtail communities

“…Detailed vegetation, soil and climate data can be found in Vannier (1970). Collembolan communities living in the topsoil were described in Chauvat and Ponge (2002) and Ponge et al (2002). Seasonal variations were studied in Ponge (1973).…”