Interaction between limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm in the chick embryo. III. Experiments with polydactylous limbs

Zwilling, Edgar; Hansborough, Louis A.

doi:10.1002/jez.1401320203

Cited by 132 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The concentration of the morphogen is lowest at the earliest stages of blastema formation, so proximal identities will be specified first. The blastema cells produce an apical epidermal maintenance factor (AEMF; see Zwilling and Hansborough, 1956) that controls production of the PD morphogen by the AEC. More distally determined cells produce more AEMF, resulting in a higher concentration of PD morphogen.…”

Section: Models Of Pattern Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking proximally and distally: 100 years of limb regeneration and beyond

Stocum

Cameron

2011

Developmental Dynamics

108

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The experimental study of amphibian limb regeneration spans most of the 20 th century and the first decade of the 21 st century. We first review the major questions investigated over this time span: (1) the origin of regeneration blastema cells, the mechanism of tissue breakdown that liberates cells from their tissue organization to participate in blastema formation, (3) the mechanism of dedifferentiation of these cells, (4) how the blastema grows, (5) how the blastema is patterned to restore the missing limb structures, and (6) why adult anurans, birds and mammals do not have the regenerative powers of urodele salamanders. We then look forward in a perspective to discuss the many unanswered questions raised by investigations of the past century, what new approaches can be taken to answer them, and what the prospects are for translation of basic research on limb regeneration into clinical means to regenerate human appendages. Developmental Dynamics 240:943-968,

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Section: Models Of Pattern Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Looking proximally and distally: 100 years of limb regeneration and beyond

Stocum

Cameron

2011

Developmental Dynamics

108

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“…Chick embryos permit manipulation of the developing limb in vitro or through a window in the egg shell in vivo. Saunders' two key experiments on limb development in the chick showed that the removal of the apical ectodermal ridge (AER), a narrow band of specialized ectodermal cells located at the tip of the growing bud [4], caused distal truncations in the limb [5], and that the grafting of the posterior zone of polarizing activity (ZPA) to the anterior margin led to the development of additional digits [6]. These experiments defined the cell interactions in the developing limb that control growth and patterning along each of the three limb axes, and led to the formulation of various models of these interactions [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introduction and Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhesion between cells, diffusion of growth factors, and elasticity of the AER produce the paddle shape of the chick limb

Popławski

Swat

Gens

et al. 2007

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

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A central question in developmental biology is how cells interact to organize into tissues? In this paper, we study the role of mesenchyme-ectoderm interaction in the growing chick limb bud using Glazier and Graner's cellular Potts model, a grid-based stochastic framework designed to simulate cell interactions and movement. We simulate cellular mechanisms including cell adhesion, growth, and division and diffusion of morphogens, to show that differential adhesion between the cells, diffusion of growth factors through the extracellular matrix, and the elastic properties of the apical ectodermal ridge together can produce the proper shape of the limb bud.

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“…Hindlimb bones were more frequently involved and the most affected part was the distal end of the extremities, i.e., the phalanges. Since the skeletal differentiation in the limbs, i.e., mesodermal condensation, chondrification and ossification, proceeds in a proximodistal sequence in general (Zwilling & Hansborough 1956, Amprino 1965, Milaire 1965, the suppressive effect of mitomycin on the proliferating and differentiating mesenchyme (Singh et al 1974) is likely to depend on the stage of differentiation of the limb buds at the time of the administration of the drug. The skeletal elements which differentiate at an early stage will be more resistant than those which differentiate later.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal Malformations Induced by Mitomycin C in Chick Embryos

Singh

1976

Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica

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Interaction between limb bud ectoderm and mesoderm in the chick embryo. III. Experiments with polydactylous limbs

Cited by 132 publications

References 18 publications

Looking proximally and distally: 100 years of limb regeneration and beyond

Looking proximally and distally: 100 years of limb regeneration and beyond

Adhesion between cells, diffusion of growth factors, and elasticity of the AER produce the paddle shape of the chick limb

Skeletal Malformations Induced by Mitomycin C in Chick Embryos

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