Interaction Between Nonionic and Gemini (Cationic) Surfactants: Effect of Spacer Chain Length

Abstract

The interaction between mixtures of nonionic surfactant polyethylene glycol p-(1,1,3,3-tetramethyl butyl)-phenyl ether and cationic gemini surfactants alkanediyl-a,x-bis(dimethyldodecylammonium bromide) (12-s-12, where s = 2, 4 and 6) was studied using surface tension and small-angle neutron scattering measurements. Marked interaction was observed for the investigated surfactants mixtures which depend upon the hydrophobic spacer length of the gemini surfactant and also on the fraction of nonionic surfactant in the mixed systems. The results are discussed in terms of interaction parameters calculated according to the theory of regular solutions which uses the critical micelle concentration determined tensiometrically to calculate the molecular interaction parameter and the mole fractions of the two components in the mixed micelles. A relatively high negative molecular interaction parameter value (up to -3.40) obtained for mixtures of nonionic and cationic gemini surfactant indicates a presence of strong attractive interaction in the mixed system that increases with the spacer length of the gemini surfactant. Micellar parameters deduced from small-angle neutron scattering measurements also compliment the surface tension results.

Surface Properties of an Alcohol Alkoxylate in the Presence of a Cationic Surfactant

“…The interaction parameter of KELA-7 and Quat-50 is more negative than KELA-7-PO and Quat-50. Since the higher negative values of b indicate stronger attraction between the different components in the mixed micelles, the results show the stronger interaction of KELA-7 and Quat-50 which is attributed to the higher homogeneity between the hydrophobic chains of the different surfactants participating in the mixed micelles formed [12,21].…”

Nonionic Isatin Surfactants: Synthesis, Quantum Chemical Calculations, ADMET and Their Antimicrobial Activities

“…The surface tensions (STs) were measuring using a tensiometer K6‐processor (Krüss Company, Hambrug, Germany) and the platinum ring detachment method (±0.5 mN m −1 ) (Chavda et al, ).…”

Synthesis, Structure Characterization and Biological Activity of Co (II), Cu (II), and Zn (II) Complexes with (Z)‐3‐((3‐hydroxybenzylidene)amino)pyridin‐1‐ium 4‐(dodecan‐4‐yl)benzenesulfonate Surfactant

“…The solutions were poured into a clean cup made of Teflon and surface tension values were readied as average three times [13].…”

“…Surface tension measurements were performed for aqueous solutions of the synthesized anionic surfactant and its metal complexes with a concentration range of 1 9 10 -2 to 5 9 10 -6 M at 25°C using a Kruss K6 instrument. The solutions were poured into a clean cup made of Teflon and surface tension values were readied as average three times [13].…”