“…Hence, this principle calls for both introducing multiple voices and attending to, exploring, and building upon them (Grossman et al, 2001). Dobie and Anderson (2015) discuss three forms of talk through which teachers in their study expressed contrasting ideas: In “serial turns,” teachers did not attend to one another’s ideas, and the discussions were short-lived; in “implicit critique,” participants often hid their disagreements “behind partial agreements, hesitations, and carefully chosen language” (p. 237), thereby making focused conversation more difficult; in contrast, more productive discussions occurred in the “open discussion” pattern, in which interlocuters disagreed openly and directly. Popp and Goldman (2016) illustrate this process of teachers building on one another’s ideas, as one teacher refines her ideas about teaching text structure after being challenged by her colleagues about whether or not her proposal is age appropriate.…”