Interaction mechanism between cadmium species and SiO2 of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: Effect of HCl

Lü, Qiang; Zhou, Xin-yue; Wu, Yang‐wen; Mi, Teng-ge; Liu, Ji; Hu, Bin; Zhao, Li

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2021.130604

Cited by 24 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…When a gas molecule A adsorbs on a solid B and forms AB, the adsorption energy E ads and activation energy E a were calculated by eqs and , respectively where E ele is the electronic energy, ZPE is the zero-point energy, and the subscripts TS and IS represent the transition state and initial state of the reaction. An adsorption with E ads < 0.4 eV is regarded as a physical adsorption, and E ads > 0.5 eV is regarded as a chemical adsorption . The Gibbs free energy change of an adsorption process, Δ G ads , was calculated by eqs – where G is the Gibbs free energy, T is the thermodynamic temperature (K), S is the entropy, and R is the gas constant.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H₂O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

et al. 2022

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The CaO sulfation is the main reaction to capture SO2 by limestone in circulating fluidized boilers. The mechanism and effects of H2O on CaO sulfation were investigated by density functional theory and experiments. The reaction paths and energy barriers for SO4 2– forming on CaO and CaSO4 surfaces as well as the outward diffusion of Ca2+/O2– in CaO and CaSO4 crystals were examined. Under conditions without H2O, the outward diffusion of Ca2+ on the CaSO4 surface is the rate-determining step for CaO sulfation because it has the largest energy barrier (3.63 eV) of all steps in the sulfation reaction. Under conditions with H2O, X-ray diffraction analysis indicates that H2O cannot directly accelerate the diffusion of Ca2+ in the CaSO4 layer. However, with the assistance of H2O, the interactions between Ca2+ and SO4 2– on the CaSO4 surface become weaker, the energy barrier for the diffusion of Ca2+ decreases from 3.63 to 1.62 eV, and thus the outward diffusion of Ca2+ on the CaSO4 surface is enhanced. The rate-determining step of the sulfation reaction under conditions with H2O became O2– diffusion in the CaSO4 layer with an energy barrier of 3.42 eV, which means that H2O decreases the largest energy barrier for sulfation by 0.21 eV. In addition, H2O can also enhance the adsorption of SO2 on a CaSO4 surface.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An adsorption with E ads < 0.4 eV is regarded as a physical adsorption, and E ads > 0.5 eV is regarded as a chemical adsorption. 34 The Gibbs free energy change of an adsorption process, ΔG ads , was calculated by eqs 5−8 35…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H₂O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

et al. 2022

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“…Their composition is variable. If oxides such as abhurite Sn 21 Cl 16 (OH) 14 O 6 or hydroromarchite Sn 6 (OH) 4 O 4 can be envisaged (although they have not been explicitly identified), Matzko et al [42] show that it is difficult to predict the tin corrosion products because there are many forms of the xSnCl 2 •ySnO•zH 2 O type, each with a different x, y, and z following the Equation (17). The phases formed depend on the surrounding medium and the acidity of the solution.…”

Section: The Pb-sn Coating On a Low Carbon Steel Corrosion Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, we focus on a humid and HCl-polluted environment, which is a common environment in electronic, [12,13] in the manufacture of PVC [14] or many other fields including metal and mineral processing, [15] or waste treatments. [16,17] Chlorides in the form of hydrogen chloride facilitate the formation of thin droplets of hydrochloric acid due to the air acid condensed moisture. [18] In contact with this electrolyte, corrosion initiates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

What happens when a Pb–Sn coating deposited on low carbon steel is exposed in an HCl‐polluted wet environment? Development of a corrosion mechanism

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Moine

Lequien

et al. 2022

Materials & Corrosion

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This article synthesizes all the results obtained to establish a global corrosion mechanism when a Pb–Sn coating deposited on low carbon steel is corroded in an HCl‐polluted wet environment. The successive stages of the process are shown. In HCl‐polluted environment, coupled with water, acid chlorides provide an aggressive electrolyte particularly favorable to corrosion. In contact with this electrolyte, lead products are created as PbCO3 and PbCl2, showing the impact of the surrounding atmosphere. In parallel, the electrolyte concentrates in Sn2+ until saturation, and tin precipitates under different forms. Due to the lead consumption, the lead corrosion products layer breaks, and the coating thins, diffusion pathways are created and the steel oxidizes. Iron corrosion products are similar with or without a coating except for the presence of a tin‐rich filament. Lead is no longer present. The different stages of the mechanism are compared to corrosion phenomena observed during the use of Pb–Sn alloys to provide effective solutions to minimize or even avoid the phenomenon of corrosion.

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“…With the improvement in living standards, the calorific value of MSW is generally above 5000 kJ/kg [13]. With the increase in MSW incineration power plants, much public attention has been paid to pollutant emissions, which are more complex than for coal-fired plants [14][15][16]. The initial compositions and concentrations of pollutants in flue gas are determined by the components of MSW and the combustion mode [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and Evaluation of Flue Gas Pollutants Emission in Waste-to-Energy Plant with Flue Gas Recirculation

et al. 2022

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The emissions of pollutants by waste-to-energy power plants, which contain more toxic substances owing to the complicated composition of municipal solid waste (MSW), such as NOx, SO2, HCl, HF, particulate matter, and heavy metals, has attracted increasing attention worldwide. To effectively control the pollutants, a flue gas cleaning system is indispensable in the operation of MSW incineration power plants. In this study, the flue gas cleaning system in a waste-to-energy power plant with flue gas recirculation (FGR) was evaluated. The concentrations of various pollutants were measured and compared with the standards at home and abroad. The results indicated that NOx emission can be effectively reduced by FGR, and that the emission concentration of NOx may meet the national emission standards only by adopting FGR. However, the emission levels of HCl and PM exceeded the limits in legislative standards; therefore, operation optimization or retrofit of a deacidification system and bag filter were proposed to comply with the international standards and near-zero-emissions goal.

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Interaction mechanism between cadmium species and SiO2 of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: Effect of HCl

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H₂O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H₂O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

What happens when a Pb–Sn coating deposited on low carbon steel is exposed in an HCl‐polluted wet environment? Development of a corrosion mechanism

Investigation and Evaluation of Flue Gas Pollutants Emission in Waste-to-Energy Plant with Flue Gas Recirculation

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Interaction mechanism between cadmium species and SiO2 of municipal solid waste incineration fly ash: Effect of HCl

Cited by 24 publications

References 49 publications

Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H2O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H2O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

What happens when a Pb–Sn coating deposited on low carbon steel is exposed in an HCl‐polluted wet environment? Development of a corrosion mechanism

Investigation and Evaluation of Flue Gas Pollutants Emission in Waste-to-Energy Plant with Flue Gas Recirculation

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Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H₂O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory

Insight into the Mechanism and Effect of H₂O on CaO Sulfation by Density Functional Theory