Interaction of anorexia and cultural beliefs in infant malnutrition in Mali

Dettwyler, Katherine A.

doi:10.1002/ajhb.1310010606

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In many settings, caretakers are relatively passive during the feeding process, following cues given by the child and often allowing the child to feed himself or herself [13][14][15][16]2326]. In other settings, caretakers have been socialized to be extremely proactive in their feeding mode, ranging from verbal encouragement, e.g., "Open the hatch for your vegetables, Jaime, " to the use of rewards or bribery to achieve a clean plate [27].…”

Section: Cultural Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A framework adapted from one by Dettwyler ( fig. 1) represents two interacting continuums: the caretaker's feeding behaviour and the child's acceptance of food, or appetite [13,14]. The range of caretaker behaviours is shown horizontally, with passive feeding behaviours on the left and active feeding behaviours on the right.…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The likelihood of malnutrition increases when a child has anorexia and the caretaker's style of feeding is passive [13,14,42]. Although more research is needed to clarify the relationships among the caretaker's feeding style, the child's acceptance of food, and nutrient intake, programmes can use the diagram to promote healthy feeding behaviours.…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child-Feeding and Appetite: What Can Programmes Do?

Bentley¹,

Black²,

Hurtado³

1995

Food Nutr Bull

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Feeding is an ideal context in which to examine the interaction between biological development and cultural variability in international efforts to promote children's survival and health. The transition from liquid to semisolid and solid feeding is a major developmental milestone that occurs in the first year of life. Appetite is a central component in the decision making process used by caregivers to determine when and how much to feed their infants. Anecdotal, qualitative, and dietary consumption data provide evidence that both illness-related and chronic anorexia is an important problem among infants and young children in developing countries. For example, nutrition programme personnel have noted that children simply do not appear to be hungry or to eat all that is offered to them, even if they are clearly undernourished. Following the UNICEF triple-A framework, this paper describes programme strategies to improve child-feeding and appetite.

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Section: Cultural Normsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Child-Feeding and Appetite: What Can Programmes Do?

Bentley¹,

Black²,

Hurtado³

1995

Food Nutr Bull

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“…The settled Turkana of Morulem do have some livestock, but the settled Turkana of Nakwamoru and Katilu have little or none because of extensive raids in which livestock were stolen during the late 1970s and early 1980s (by Pokot tribespeople). There are likely to be other subtle, and as yet unknown, maternal-infant be-haviors that influence diet and general care, as well (cf., Dettwyler, 1989).…”

Section: Growth Of Kenyan Turkana Infantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth of nomadic and settled Turkana infants of northwest Kenya

Little

Gray

Leslie

1993

American J Phys Anthropol

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Turkana tribespeople reside in a semi-arid savanna ecosystem in northwest Kenya. For over a decade, Ngisonyoka Turkana nomads have been studied within a multidisciplinary framework that embraces ecology, anthropology, and human population biology. Original research objectives of the South Turkana Ecosystem Project were to study nomads longitudinally and within the context of the dry savanna ecosystem. These objectives have been expanded to incorporate settled Turkana who were nomads in the recent past, but who, for a variety of reasons, have taken up a life of sedentary cultivation. The research described here focused on comparisons of growth patterns of nomadic and settled infants from birth to 24 months of age. Infants were measured (recumbent length, weight, head circumference, arm and calf circumference, and selected skinfolds) in 1989 and 1990. Settled infants were slightly longer, but nomadic infants were heavier and fatter. Head circumferences were the same. Some variation was observed by season and year of measurement (from comparative surveys). Both groups showed pronounced weight faltering after 6 months of age when compared with U.S. NCHS reference values. Head circumference faltering was moderate and recumbent length faltering was only slight after 12 months of age. Comparisons of Turkana infant growth in the two populations can contribute indirectly to a better understanding of infant nutritional status, probable morbidity, and other factors, some of which may be linked to female reproduction.

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“…The force-feeding behaviours were selected based on meal observations in Kenya. Laissez faire feeding is relatively common LMICs (Dettwyler, 1989;Moore et al, 2006); to assess this, caregivers were asked how often they left their child alone when they refused to eat.…”

Section: Key Messagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eating and feeding behaviours in children in low‐income areas in Nairobi, Kenya

Mutoro

García

Kimani-Murage

et al. 2020

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Child eating and caregiver feeding behaviours are critical determinants of food intake, but they are poorly characterized in undernourished children. We aimed to describe how appetite, food refusal and force‐feeding vary between undernourished and healthy children aged 6–24 months in Nairobi and identify potential variables for use in a child eating behaviour scale for international use. This cross‐sectional study was conducted in seven clinics in low‐income areas of Nairobi. Healthy and undernourished children were quota sampled to recruit equal numbers of undernourished children (weight for age [WAZ] or weight for length [WLZ] Z scores ≤2SD) and healthy children (WAZ > 2SD). Using a structured interview schedule, questions reflecting child appetite, food refusal and caregiver feeding behaviours were rated using a 5‐point scale. Food refusal and force‐feeding variables were then combined to form scores and categorized into low, medium and high. In total, 407 child–caregiver pairs, aged median [interquartile range] 9.98 months [8.7 to 14.1], were recruited of whom 55% were undernourished. Undernourished children were less likely to ‘love food’ (undernourished 78%; healthy 90% p = < 0.001) and more likely to have high food refusal (18% vs. 3.3% p = <0.001), while their caregivers were more likely to use high force‐feeding (28% vs. 16% p = 0.03). Undernourished children in low‐income areas in Nairobi are harder to feed than healthy children, and force‐feeding is used widely. A range of discriminating variables could be used to measure child eating behaviour and assess the impact of interventions.

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Interaction of anorexia and cultural beliefs in infant malnutrition in Mali

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Child-Feeding and Appetite: What Can Programmes Do?

Child-Feeding and Appetite: What Can Programmes Do?

Growth of nomadic and settled Turkana infants of northwest Kenya

Eating and feeding behaviours in children in low‐income areas in Nairobi, Kenya

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