“…Metal-ion binding to nucleic acid has been studied by several techniques including conductimetry [3][4][5] (Mg 2+ -DNA, Ca 2+ -DNA), UV-Vis spectroscopy [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] (Mg 2+ -DNA, Ca 2+ -DNA, Cu 2+ -DNA, Mn 2+ -DNA, Ni 2+ -DNA, Cd 2+ -DNA, Hg 2+ -DNA, Cr 3+ -DNA, Zn 2+ -DNA), equilibrium dialysis [17][18][19] (Mg 2+ -DNA, Ca 2+ -DNA, Co 2+ -DNA, Zn 2+ -DNA) and X-ray crystallography [20][21][22][23] (Ca 2+ -DNA, Mg 2+ -DNA, Na + -DNA, Li + -DNA). However, all these techniques present considerable experimental difficulties or limitations.…”