Interaction of HPV with vaginal ecosystem in vaginal and cervical carcinogenesis

Bicho, Maria Clara

doi:10.5533/dst-2177-8264-201325301

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“…Cervicitis, an acute or chronic inflammation of the uterine cervix, may promote the infection by human immunodeficiency virus and other STIs, including human papillomavirus, by the disruption of epithelial barrier integrity, and subsequent recruitment of inflammatory cells. [8][9][10][11] They may cause pelvic inflammatory disease, resulting in damage to the fallopian tubes, which may lead to ectopic pregnancy and infertility. [12][13][14] Additionally, there is growing evidence that genital mycoplasma species could contribute to different pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth and neonatal morbidities.…”

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confidence: 99%

Genital mycoplasmas and ureaplasmas in cervicovaginal self-collected samples of reproductive-age women: prevalence and risk factors

et al. 2018

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The purpose of this study was to characterise the prevalence and risk factors associated with genital mycoplasmas ( Mycoplasma hominis [MH], M. genitalium [MG]) and ureaplasmas ( Ureaplasma urealyticum [UU], U. parvum [UP]) in Portuguese women of reproductive age. The cross-sectional study included 612 cervicovaginal self-collected samples from women aged 15-44 years, tested for MH, MG, UU, UP by polymerase chain reaction. Y chromosome (Yc) DNA was detected as a biomarker of recent unprotected sexual intercourse. The prevalences of UU, UP, MH and MG were 28.4% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.0-32.1), 22.4% (95% CI 19.3-25.9), 8.5% (95% CI 6.5-11.0) and 0.8% (95% CI 0.4-1.9), respectively. Overall, women aged 20-29 years (odds ratio [OR] 1.78; P = 0.010) and the presence of Yc-DNA (OR 2.33; P = 0.038) were associated with an increased risk of UU. Lifetime number of sexual partners was a predictor of UU, UP and MH (OR 2.46; P < 0.001, OR 2.78; P < 0.001 and OR 1.55; P < 0.001, respectively, for more than one versus one partner). The prevalence of MG was low, while UU, UP and MH were common in Portuguese women of reproductive age. The presence of UU, UP and MH was associated with sexual activity (number of sexual partners), although the consequences of its prevalence are not fully understood and should be further investigated.

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