Interaction of hyperalkaline fluid with fractured rock: Field and laboratory experiments of the HPF project (Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland)

Mäder, Urs; Fierz, T.; Frieg, Bernd; Eikenberg, J.; Rüthi, M.; Albinsson, Yngve; Möri, Andreas; Ekberg, Stefan; Stille, Péter

doi:10.1016/j.gexplo.2005.09.006

Cited by 38 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Many short term laboratory and underground rock laboratory experimental studies have investigated rock and mineral alteration in high pH cement leachates (zone 1; e.g. Gaucher and Blanc, 2006;Bateman et al, 1999;and references therein;Braney et al, 1993;Cuevas, 2004;Mäder et al, 2006). Generally, these studies have found that reaction in high pH, Ca-bearing cement-type leachates results in the dissolution of silicate minerals (Eq.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock alteration in alkaline cement waters over 15 years and its relevance to the geological disposal of nuclear waste

Moyce

Rochelle

Morris

et al. 2014

Applied Geochemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rock alteration in alkaline cement waters over 15 years and its relevance to the geological disposal of nuclear waste

Moyce

Rochelle

Morris

et al. 2014

Applied Geochemistry

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“…26 Signicant amounts of dissolved silicate species are therefore also expected for solutions in contact with man-made cement structures as well as for most of the geochemical settings currently considered good candidates for carbon dioxide sequestration. 27 In both cases, carbonation (i.e. CaCO 3 formation) will occur in the presence of silica, which hence may inuence the deterioration of concrete components and the efficiency of sequestration technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of silica on polymorphic precipitation of calcium carbonate: an on-line energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) study

et al. 2013

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Calcium carbonate is the most abundant biomineral and a compound of great industrial importance. Its precipitation from solution has been studied extensively and was often shown to proceed via distinct intermediate phases, which undergo sequential transformations before eventually yielding the stable crystalline polymorph, calcite. In the present work, we have investigated the crystallisation of calcium carbonate in a time-resolved and non-invasive manner by means of energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) using synchrotron radiation. In particular, the role of silica as a soluble additive during the crystallisation process was examined. Measurements were carried out at different temperatures (20, 50 and 80 °C) and various silica concentrations. Experiments conducted in the absence of silica reflect the continuous conversion of kinetically formed metastable polymorphs (vaterite and aragonite) to calcite and allow for quantifying the progress of transformation. Addition of silica induced remarkable changes in the temporal evolution of polymorphic fractions existing in the system. Essentially, the formation of calcite was found to be accelerated at 20 °C, whereas marked retardation or complete inhibition of phase transitions was observed at higher temperatures. These findings are explained in terms of a competition between the promotional effect of silica on calcite growth rates and kinetic stabilisation of vaterite and aragonite due to adsorption (or precipitation) of silica on their surfaces, along with temperature-dependent variations of silica condensation rates. Data collected at high silica concentrations indicate the presence of an amorphous phase over extended frames of time, suggesting that initially generated ACC particles are progressively stabilised by silica. Our results may have important implications for CaCO3 precipitation scenarios in both geochemical and industrial settings, where solution silicate is omnipresent, as well as for CO2 sequestration technologies.

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“…Previously, Muuri et al () have determined mineral specific distribution coefficients of cesium for the major minerals of Grimsel granodiorite using traditional batch sorption experiments (see Table ). They performed the measurements on crushed minerals as a function of cesium concentration using a synthetic Grimsel groundwater simulant (Mäder et al, ) in order to mimic the chemical groundwater conditions at the GTS. They have also used a PHREEQC model to explain the measured curve for the distribution coefficient of cesium on biotite as a function of concentration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Transport of Cesium in Grimsel Granodiorite With Micrometer Scale Heterogeneities and Dynamic Update of K_d

Voutilainen

Kekäläinen

Siitari-Kauppi

et al. 2017

Water Resources Research

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Transport and retardation of cesium in Grimsel granodiorite taking into account heterogeneity of mineral and pore structure was studied using rock samples overcored from an in situ diffusion test at the Grimsel Test Site. The field test was part of the Long‐Term Diffusion (LTD) project designed to characterize retardation properties (diffusion and distribution coefficients) under in situ conditions. Results of the LTD experiment for cesium showed that in‐diffusion profiles and spatial concentration distributions were strongly influenced by the heterogeneous pore structure and mineral distribution. In order to study the effect of heterogeneity on the in‐diffusion profile and spatial concentration distribution, a Time Domain Random Walk (TDRW) method was applied along with a feature for modeling chemical sorption in geological materials. A heterogeneous mineral structure of Grimsel granodiorite was constructed using X‐ray microcomputed tomography (X‐μCT) and the map was linked to previous results for mineral specific porosities and distribution coefficients (Kd) that were determined using C‐14‐PMMA autoradiography and batch sorption experiments, respectively. After this the heterogeneous structure contains information on local porosity and Kd in 3‐D. It was found that the heterogeneity of the mineral structure on the micrometer scale affects significantly the diffusion and sorption of cesium in Grimsel granodiorite at the centimeter scale. Furthermore, the modeled in‐diffusion profiles and spatial concentration distributions show similar shape and pattern to those from the LTD experiment. It was concluded that the use of detailed structure characterization and quantitative data on heterogeneity can significantly improve the interpretation and evaluation of transport experiments.

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Interaction of hyperalkaline fluid with fractured rock: Field and laboratory experiments of the HPF project (Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland)

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Rock alteration in alkaline cement waters over 15 years and its relevance to the geological disposal of nuclear waste

Rock alteration in alkaline cement waters over 15 years and its relevance to the geological disposal of nuclear waste

The effect of silica on polymorphic precipitation of calcium carbonate: an on-line energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) study

Modeling Transport of Cesium in Grimsel Granodiorite With Micrometer Scale Heterogeneities and Dynamic Update of K_d

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Interaction of hyperalkaline fluid with fractured rock: Field and laboratory experiments of the HPF project (Grimsel Test Site, Switzerland)

Cited by 38 publications

References 24 publications

Rock alteration in alkaline cement waters over 15 years and its relevance to the geological disposal of nuclear waste

Rock alteration in alkaline cement waters over 15 years and its relevance to the geological disposal of nuclear waste

The effect of silica on polymorphic precipitation of calcium carbonate: an on-line energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) study

Modeling Transport of Cesium in Grimsel Granodiorite With Micrometer Scale Heterogeneities and Dynamic Update of Kd

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Product

Resources

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Modeling Transport of Cesium in Grimsel Granodiorite With Micrometer Scale Heterogeneities and Dynamic Update of K_d