Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

Rehman, Zaib Ur; Chen, Meng; Umar, Sajid; Munir, Muhammad; Chen, Ding

doi:10.1017/s0043933916000775

Cited by 17 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Further, flow cytometry would be helpful to substantiate our finding with depletion of B cells in BF. The infiltration of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte led to greater damage in the BF by producing cytokines and having a cytotoxic impact that causes persistent immunesuppression following IBD 39 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on immunopathological changes induced by commercial IBD live vaccines in poultry birds

Kajal,

Narang,

Jangir

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Intermediate plus live strain infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines are used to control IBDV endemic infections in India. In the present study, immunopathological changes induced by commercial infectious bursal disease live vaccines with different immunization regimes were compared. A total of days old 108 Cobb broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups with 24 chicks each in groups I, II, III and 18 chicks each in group IV and V. Group I served as control I (no immunization) and group II and III chicks were immunized with a single dose of vaccines 1 and 2 on 17th day of age (DOA), respectively. The group IV and V chicks were immunized with vaccines 1 and 2, respectively with primary dose on 17th DOA followed by booster dose on 24th DOA. Both intermediate plus live vaccines produced gross and histopathological lesions in lymphoid organs (bursa of Fabricius, thymus, spleen and caecal tonsils). Increased CD4 + , CD8 + T cells in affected bursa of Fabricius was evidenced by immunohistochemistry. Further, up-regulation in relative mRNA expression of IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6 were observed in bursa of Fabricius of treated birds, with maximum alteration particularly on 14th day post single immunization and 7th day post booster immunization. The findings suggest that single immunization regime on the 17th day of age showed immunization equivalent to booster immunization with lesser lesions, therefore, may be practiced and promoted in the field conditions for the better economic returns and animal welfare.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on immunopathological changes induced by commercial IBD live vaccines in poultry birds

Kajal,

Narang,

Jangir

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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“…Infectious bursal disease (IBD) or Gumboro is caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), which is one of the most devastating diseases of poultry, worldwide [132]. In intensive poultry production, IBD causes heavy economic loses by causing 80–100% mortality and prolonged immunosuppression [133].…”

Section: Avian Virus-induced Oxidative Stress and Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In intensive poultry production, IBD causes heavy economic loses by causing 80–100% mortality and prolonged immunosuppression [133]. The primary replication site of IBDV is the bursa of Fabricius, where sever destruction of the B lymphocytes causes significant impairment of the antibody response [132]. Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection of bursal lymphocytes increases intracellular ROS levels, decreases the GSH content and activities of GPx and SOD [134], and increases serum levels of lipid peroxidation (Table 1) [135].…”

Section: Avian Virus-induced Oxidative Stress and Antioxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress in Poultry: Lessons from the Viral Infections

Rehman

Chen

Sun

et al. 2018

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Reactive species (RS), generally known as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), are produced during regular metabolism in the host and are required for many cellular processes such as cytokine transcription, immunomodulation, ion transport, and apoptosis. Intriguingly, both RNS and ROS are commonly triggered by the pathogenic viruses and are famous for their dual roles in the clearance of viruses and pathological implications. Uncontrolled production of reactive species results in oxidative stress and causes damage in proteins, lipids, DNA, and cellular structures. In this review, we describe the production of RS, their detoxification by a cellular antioxidant system, and how these RS damage the proteins, lipids, and DNA. Given the widespread importance of RS in avian viral diseases, oxidative stress pathways are of utmost importance for targeted therapeutics. Therefore, a special focus is provided on avian virus-mediated oxidative stresses. Finally, future research perspectives are discussed on the exploitation of these pathways to treat viral diseases of poultry.

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“…This can have severe consequences on animal health, welfare and productivity but also on human health since zoonotic infections can be favored ( 1 , 2 ). Additionally, an increase in antimicrobial usage may be required ( 3 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of live attenuated, vector and immune complex infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines in preventing field strain bursa colonization: A European multicentric study

et al. 2022

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Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is among the most relevant and widespread immunosuppressive agents, which can severely damage poultry farming by causing direct losses, predisposing the host to secondary diseases and reducing the efficacy of vaccination protocols against other infections. IBDV has thus been the object of intense control activities, largely based on routine vaccination. However, the need for protecting animals from the infection in the first period of the production cycle, when the bursa susceptibility is higher, clashes with the blanketing effect of maternally derived antibodies. To overcome this issue, other strategies have been developed besides live attenuated vaccines, including vector vaccines and immune complex (icx) ones. The present study aims to investigate, in field conditions, the efficacy of these approaches in preventing IBDV infection in laying chickens vaccinated with either live attenuated, vector or immune complex (icx) vaccines. For this purpose, a multicentric study involving 481 farms located in 11 European countries was organized and IBDV infection diagnosis and strain characterization was performed at 6 weeks of age using a molecular approach. Vaccine strains were commonly detected in flocks vaccinated with live or icx vaccines. However, a significantly higher number of field strains (characterized as very virulent IBDVs) was detected in flocks vaccinated with vector vaccines, suggesting their lower capability of preventing bursal colonization. Different from vector vaccines, live and icx ones have a marked bursal tropism. It can thus be speculated that vaccine virus replication in these sites could limit vvIBDV replication by direct competition or because of a more effective activation of innate immunity. Although such different behavior doesn't necessarily affect clinical protection, further studies should be performed to evaluate if vvIBDV replication could still be associated with subclinical losses and/or for viral circulation in a “vaccinated environment” could drive viral evolution and favor the emergence of vaccine-escape variants.

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Interaction of infectious bursal disease virus with the immune system of poultry

Cited by 17 publications

References 89 publications

Studies on immunopathological changes induced by commercial IBD live vaccines in poultry birds

Studies on immunopathological changes induced by commercial IBD live vaccines in poultry birds

Oxidative Stress in Poultry: Lessons from the Viral Infections

Efficacy of live attenuated, vector and immune complex infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) vaccines in preventing field strain bursa colonization: A European multicentric study

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