Interaction of muonium with molecules of biological interest in water solution

A Review of Life Science Studies with Muons

“…Initial studies were reported on the reaction of Mu (Chemical dynamics) of Mu in solutions [4,5]. To my best knowledge, the first muon experiment in biosamles (dilute aqueous solution of DNA) was reported by Bucci et al [4]. There are around 60% diamagnetic muon, 20% Mu and remaining 20% as missing fraction estimated in water [16].…”

“…The muonium (the bound state of muon and an electron, Mu =  + e  ) was discovered in 1960 by Hughes [3]. Then after 2 decades, a muon experiment in dilute aqueous solution of DNA were reported [4]. Initially, reaction dynamics of chemical reaction were studied [5].…”

Muonium—the second radioisotope of hydrogen—and its contribution to free radical chemistry

“…From the early days of MuSR, information relevant to "biological systems" has been sought using its methods. Its successes include the measurement of rate constants for the reaction of Mu with DNA 116 and some isolated "base" analogues, 116 and the identification of the product radicals formed in the latter, simpler cases, 117,118 and in imidazoles. 73 In radiation biology 119-121 it is of some matter to know the outcome of H-atom reactions with organic bases, such as are present in DNA, and indeed those with protein constituents.…”

Overview of µSR Study in Water and Ice

“…The detection of Mu in liquid was first reported by Percival et al in 1979 [5]. Then the µSR studies in biosamles -dilute aqueous solution of DNA [6], dried horse spleen ferritin [7], ferritin and apoferritin [8], cytochrome c [3], DNA [4,9], hemoglobin [10], enzime [11], biosample from Alzehmer patient [12], biological aqueous solutions [13,14] were reported. During these more than four decades, relatively slow progress of muon in life sciences with respect that in material science can be realized from the available literatures.…”