Interaction of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as a Promising Approach in Brain Study and Nerve Regeneration

Kamińska, Agnieszka; Radoszkiewicz, Klaudia; Rybkowska, Paulina; Wędzińska, Aleksandra; Sarnowska, Anna

doi:10.3390/cells11091464

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 161 publications

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“…However, there is also evidence indicating that the secretion of soluble factors alone, without the direct inclusion of the supporting cells, may be sufficient to augment the differentiation and maturation processes. These secreted factors, including EVs, can improve key aspects of cellular differentiation by delivering a range of bioactive molecules, such as proteins, lipids, and various types of RNA [ 76 , 77 ].…”

Section: Cts-evs In Physiology and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease

Amin,

Massoumi,

Tewari

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a diverse group of cell-derived exocytosed particles, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication due to their ability to selectively transfer biomolecules to specific cell types. EVs, composed of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, are taken up by cells to affect a variety of signaling cascades. Research in the field has primarily focused on stem cell-derived EVs, with a particular focus on mesenchymal stem cells, for their potential therapeutic benefits. Recently, tissue-specific EVs or cell type-specific extracellular vesicles (CTS-EVs), have garnered attention for their unique biogenesis and molecular composition because they enable highly targeted cell-specific communication. Various studies have outlined the roles that CTS-EVs play in the signaling for physiological function and the maintenance of homeostasis, including immune modulation, tissue regeneration, and organ development. These properties are also exploited for disease propagation, such as in cancer, neurological disorders, infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, and more. The insights gained from analyzing CTS-EVs in different biological roles not only enhance our understanding of intercellular signaling and disease pathogenesis but also open new avenues for innovative diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for a wide spectrum of medical conditions. This review comprehensively outlines the current understanding of CTS-EV origins, function within normal physiology, and implications in diseased states.

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Section: Cts-evs In Physiology and Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease

Amin,

Massoumi,

Tewari

et al. 2024

IJMS

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“…As an alternative to using NSC/NPC, it is possible to appropriately differentiated stromal/stem cells isolated from other environment alone (i.e., MSC) or in combination with NSC [ 83 ], induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from an appropriate somatic cell [ 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 ], or extracellular vesicles (EV) derived from MSC or a relevant cell cultured under optimal in vitro culture conditions [ 88 , 89 ]. The latter are becoming an important avenue of research as they are not immunogenetic, can contain a range of molecules that can enhance endogenous cell repair of the damaged tissue, and could therefore be used in non-autologous application, which would overcome potential limitations associated with autologous materials.…”

Section: Limitations Regarding Use Of Brain-associated Nscmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Brain-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells and Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Repair Damaged Neural Tissues: Lessons Learned from Connective Tissue Repair Regarding Variables Limiting Progress and Approaches to Overcome Limitations

Hart

2023

IJMS

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Pluripotent neural stem or progenitor cells (NSC/NPC) have been reported in the brains of adult preclinical models for decades, as have mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) been reported in a variety of tissues from adults. Based on their in vitro capabilities, these cell types have been used extensively in attempts to repair/regenerate brain and connective tissues, respectively. In addition, MSC have also been used in attempts to repair compromised brain centres. However, success in treating chronic neural degenerative conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and others with NSC/NPC has been limited, as have the use of MSC in the treatment of chronic osteoarthritis, a condition affecting millions of individuals. However, connective tissues are likely less complex than neural tissues regarding cell organization and regulatory integration, but some insights have been gleaned from the studies regarding connective tissue healing with MSC that may inform studies attempting to initiate repair and regeneration of neural tissues compromised acutely or chronically by trauma or disease. This review will discuss the similarities and differences in the applications of NSC/NPC and MSC, where some lessons have been learned, and potential approaches that could be used going forward to enhance progress in the application of cellular therapy to facilitate repair and regeneration of complex structures in the brain. In particular, variables that may need to be controlled to enhance success are discussed, as are different approaches such as the use of extracellular vesicles from stem/progenitor cells that could be used to stimulate endogenous cells to repair the tissues rather than consider cell replacement as the primary option. Caveats to all these efforts relate to whether cellular repair initiatives will have long-term success if the initiators for neural diseases are not controlled, and whether such cellular initiatives will have long-term success in a subset of patients if the neural diseases are heterogeneous and have multiple etiologies.

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“…In PD patients, fibroblast growth factor (FGF) is strongly associated with neuroinflammation, reducing the misfolding of α-synuclein and improving the survival rate of dopaminergic neurons ( Kaminska et al, 2022 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole body-electromyostimulation effects on serum biomarkers, physical performances and fatigue in Parkinson’s patients: A randomized controlled trial

Cagno

Buonsenso²,

Centorbi³

et al. 2023

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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BackgroundWhole-body electromyostimulation (WB-EMS) was never previously applied to Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients. This randomized controlled study aimed to find the most effective and safe WB-EMS training protocol for this population.MethodsTwenty-four subjects (age: 72.13 ± 6.20 years), were randomly assigned to three groups: a high-frequency WB-EMS strength training group (HFG) (rectangular stimulation at 85 Hz, 350 μs, 4 s stimulation/4 s rest), a low-frequency WB-EMS aerobic training group (LFG) (rectangular stimulation 7 Hz, 350 μs, with a continuous pulse duration), and an inactive control group (CG). Participants of the two experimental groups underwent 24 controlled WB-EMS training sessions, with a duration of 20 min each, during 12-week intervention. Serum growth factors (BDNF, FGF-21, NGF and proNGF), α-synuclein, physical performance and Parkinson’s Disease Fatigue Scale (PFS-16) responses were analyzed to evaluate the pre-post variation and differences among groups.ResultsSignificant interactions of Time*Groups were detected for BDNF (Time*Groups p = 0.024; Time*CG, b = −628, IC95% = −1,082/−174, p = 0.008), FGF-21 (Time*Groups p = 0.009; Time*LFG b = 1,346, IC95% = 423/2268, p = 0.005), and α-synuclein (Time*Groups p = 0.019; Time*LFG b = −1,572, IC95% = −2,952/−192, p = 0.026). Post hoc analyses and comparisons of ΔS (post–pre), performed independently for each group, showed that LFG increased serum BDNF levels (+ 203 pg/ml) and decreased α-synuclein levels (−1,703 pg/ml), while HFG showed the opposite effects (BDNF: −500 pg/ml; α-synuclein: + 1,413 pg/ml). CG showed a significant BDNF reduction over time. Both LFG and HFG showed significant improvements in several physical performance outcomes and the LFG showed better results than HFG. Concerning PFS-16, significant differences over time (b = −0.4, IC95% = −0.8/−0.0, p = 0.046) and among groups (among all groups p < 0.001) were found, and the LFG exhibited better results than the HFG (b = −1.0, IC95% = −1.3/−0.7, p < 0.001), and CG (b = −1.7, IC95% = −2.0/−1.4, p < 0.001) with this last one that worsened over time.ConclusionLFG training was the best choice for improving or maintaining physical performance, fatigue perception and variation in serum biomarkers.Clinical trial registrationhttps://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04878679, identifier NCT04878679.

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Interaction of Neural Stem Cells (NSCs) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) as a Promising Approach in Brain Study and Nerve Regeneration

Cited by 34 publications

References 161 publications

Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease

Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease

Use of Brain-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells and Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Repair Damaged Neural Tissues: Lessons Learned from Connective Tissue Repair Regarding Variables Limiting Progress and Approaches to Overcome Limitations

Whole body-electromyostimulation effects on serum biomarkers, physical performances and fatigue in Parkinson’s patients: A randomized controlled trial

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