Interaction of protein kinases A and C in their effects on the proenkephalin gene in astroglial cells

Theodoridu, A.; Olenik, Claudia; Boeckh, C.; Ziefer, Philipp; Gebicke‐Härter, P.; Meyer, Dieter

doi:10.1016/0197-0186(94)90146-5

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In these cultures, the second messenger analogue 8Br.cAMP diminishes the content of proenkephalin mRNA (Hildebrand et al 1995). This finding is of special interest for two reasons: 1) It is in contrast to results obtained with other cell types, such as chromaffin and glial cells, in which activation of adenylate cyclase enhances the expression of the gene (Batter and Kessler 1991;Eiden et al 1984;Joshi and Sabol 1991;Kley 1988;Kley et al 1987;Melner et al 1990;Shinoda et al 1989;Theodoridu et al 1994;Yoshikawa and Sabol 1986). 2) It indicates that exogenous factors may indeed reduce the expression of the proenkephalin gene via receptor-mediated mechanisms.…”

contrasting

confidence: 39%

“…In astroglial or neuronal cells, activation of protein kinase A enhances the expression of the proenkephalin gene (Batter and Kessler 1991;Eiden et al 1984;Joshi and Sabol 1991;Kley 1988;Kley et al 1987;Melner et al 1990;Shinoda et al 1989;Theodoridu et al 1994;Yoshikawa and Sabol 1986). However, there is evidence that the kinase can also reduce the expression of the proenkephalin gene via a newly-synthesized protein.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of the expression of the proenkephalin gene in cultured meningeal fibroblasts: opposite effects of ?1- and ?2-adrenoceptors

Hildebrand

Wissler

Olenik

et al. 1996

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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Meningeal fibroblasts express the proenkephalin gene during embryonal development but terminate the expression shortly before birth. When brought into primary culture at postnatal day 1, the fibroblasts again express the gene. Activation of protein kinase A reduces this expression and thus may contribute to its prenatal termination. Since the noradrenergic innervation of the meninges begins around the time of birth, it was investigated in the present study, how adrenergic agonists affected the levels of proenkephalin mRNA in cultured fibroblasts. The beta 2-adrenoceptor agonists salbutamol and procaterol increased the levels of endogenous cAMP and diminished the concentration of proenkephalin mRNA indicating that the cultured fibroblasts possessed this beta-subtype. In contrast, noradrenaline increased the level of proenkephalin mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner. This effect was independent of endogenous cAMP and was mediated by alpha 1-adrenoceptors. The data indicate that the noradrenergic innervation of the meninges at the time of birth is not responsible for the termination of the proenkephalin gene expression.

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contrasting

confidence: 39%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of the expression of the proenkephalin gene in cultured meningeal fibroblasts: opposite effects of ?1- and ?2-adrenoceptors

Hildebrand

Wissler

Olenik

et al. 1996

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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“…Phosphodiesterase inhibitors prolong the enhancement of cAMP levels. These agents can potentiate the effect of cAMP on PEnk gene activation (Comb et al, 1986;Theodoridu et a!., 1994), indicating that cAMP levels must be enhanced for a critical time so that full activation of the PEnk gene ensues. In this context, it is noteworthy that the effect of 100 nmol/L noradrenaline was long lasting; even after 1 and 2 h cAMP levels were still~-" 10 and seven times higher than the respective controls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Which signal transduction pathways are involved in the observed phenomena? Endogenous cAMP enhances the expression of the PEnk gene by activating protein kinase A in neurons as well as glial cells (Eiden et a!., 1984;Kley et a!., 1987;Shinoda et al, 1989;Melner et a!., 1990;Theodoridu et al, 1994). This kinase probably phosphorylates CREB and/or jun D (Comb et al, 1986;Kobierski et al, 1991;Konradi et al, 1993), which then transactivate the transcription of the gene.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochemical studies show that cultured astroglial cells are enhanced in their expression of the PEnk gene by cyclic AMP (cAMP) analogues or forskolin, i.e., by activation of protein kinase A (Shinoda et al, 1989;Melner et al, 1990;Batter and Kessler, 1991;Theodoridu et al, 1994). Receptor-mediated activation of this system also enhances the expression of the gene in vitro and in vivo (LaGamma et al, 1994).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Noradrenaline Increases the Expression of the Proenkephalin Gene in Cultured Astroglial Cells by Acting on β₁‐ and α₁‐Adrenoceptors

Hildebrand

Olenik

Theodoridu

et al. 1996

Journal of Neurochemistry

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In primary culture, type I astroglial cells from neocortex of newborn rats express the proenkephalin gene. The glial cells are not homogeneous but differ in their morphology; i.e., polygonal and process-bearing cells are found. Transcription of the proenkephalin gene is increased via protein kinase A upon stimulation with cyclic AMP (cAMP) analogues. In the present study, how noradrenaline affected the expression of the proenkephalin gene in both cell types was investigated. Noradrenaline enhanced the levels of proenkephalin mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner. Experiments with subtypeselective antagonists suggested that /91-adrenoceptors were involved. In situ hybridization showed that proenkephalin mRNA was induced only in polygonal cells. Noradrenaline also increased the levels of cAMP. However, concentrations of noradrenaline that produced a maximal increase in cAMP caused only submaximal elevations of proenkephalin mRNA. This discrepancy was explained by the finding that noradrenaline increased the expression of the proenkephalin gene also via a1-adrenoceptors. It is concluded that i3~-and a1-adrenoceptors can act in a synergistic manner on the expression of the proenkepha in gene in astroglial cells.

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The astroglial and stem cell functions of adult rat folliculostellate cells

Fletcher

Smiljanić

Prévide

et al. 2022

Glia

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The mammalian pituitary gland is a complex organ consisting of hormone-producing cells (HPC), nonhormonal folliculostellate cells (FSC) and pituicytes, vascular pericytes and endothelial cells, and putative Sox2-expressing stem cells. Here, we used scRNAseq analysis of adult female rat pituitary cells to study the heterogeneity of pituitary cells with a focus on evaluating the transcriptomic profile of the Sox2expressing population. Samples containing whole pituitary and separated anterior and posterior lobe cells allowed the identification of all expected pituitary resident cell types and lobe-specific subpopulations of vascular cells. Sox2 was expressed uniformly in all FSC, pituicytes, and a fraction of HPC. FSC comprised two subclusters; FSC1 contained more cells but expressed less genetic diversity compared to FSC2. The latter contained proliferative cells, expressed genes consistent with stem cell niche formation, including tight junctions, and shared genes with HPC. The FSC2 transcriptome profile was also consistent with the activity of pathways regulating cell proliferation and stem cell pluripotency, including the Hippo and Wnt pathways. The expression of other stem cell marker genes was common for FSC and pituicytes (Sox9,

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Interaction of protein kinases A and C in their effects on the proenkephalin gene in astroglial cells

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Regulation of the expression of the proenkephalin gene in cultured meningeal fibroblasts: opposite effects of ?1- and ?2-adrenoceptors

Regulation of the expression of the proenkephalin gene in cultured meningeal fibroblasts: opposite effects of ?1- and ?2-adrenoceptors

Noradrenaline Increases the Expression of the Proenkephalin Gene in Cultured Astroglial Cells by Acting on β₁‐ and α₁‐Adrenoceptors

The astroglial and stem cell functions of adult rat folliculostellate cells

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Interaction of protein kinases A and C in their effects on the proenkephalin gene in astroglial cells

Cited by 19 publications

References 29 publications

Regulation of the expression of the proenkephalin gene in cultured meningeal fibroblasts: opposite effects of ?1- and ?2-adrenoceptors

Regulation of the expression of the proenkephalin gene in cultured meningeal fibroblasts: opposite effects of ?1- and ?2-adrenoceptors

Noradrenaline Increases the Expression of the Proenkephalin Gene in Cultured Astroglial Cells by Acting on β1‐ and α1‐Adrenoceptors

The astroglial and stem cell functions of adult rat folliculostellate cells

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Noradrenaline Increases the Expression of the Proenkephalin Gene in Cultured Astroglial Cells by Acting on β₁‐ and α₁‐Adrenoceptors