Interaction of recommended levels of physical activity and protein intake is associated with greater physical function and lower fat mass in older women: Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor- (OSTPRE) and Fracture-Prevention Study

Sjöblom, Samu; Sirola, Joonas; Rikkonen, Toni; Erkkilä, Arja T.; Kröger, Heikki; Qazi, Sarang Latif; Isanejad, Masoud

doi:10.1017/s0007114520000045

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Our findings are in agreement with previous evidence reporting inverse associations between muscle mass and inflammation with [48][49][50] and without [20,51,52] adjustments for adiposity. Protein intake and PA represent other potent driving factors for muscle wasting and inflammation in older populations [4,[30][31][32][33]36,53,54]. Notably, we assessed both the total amount of PA (CPM) and engagement in resistance-type exercises (MSA), as well as protein intake, and this strengthens the evidence that there are independent links between the systemic inflammatory environment and muscle health in older women.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Physical activity (PA), of both an aerobic-and muscle-strengthening nature, and protein intake are commonly identified as two key factors contributing to the prevention of accelerated age-related muscle wasting and physical function [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Therefore, these lifestyle-related factors need to be taken into account when elucidating links between muscle health and the systemic inflammatory environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Associations between Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers and Indicators of Muscle Health in Older Men and Women

Bergens

Nilsson

Kadi

2021

JCM

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Systemic inflammation is believed to contribute to declining muscle health during aging. The present study aims to examine associations between indicators of muscle health and pro- and anti-inflammatory biomarkers in older men and women, while also considering the impacts of physical activity and protein intake. An assessment of skeletal muscle index (SMI) by bioelectrical impedance analysis, handgrip strength, and 5-sit-to-stand time, using standardized procedures, was conducted in a population of older men (n = 90) and women (n = 148) aged 65–70 years. The inflammatory biomarkers C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, IL-18, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1α were assessed in blood samples. Data were analyzed and stratified according to biological sex using multiple linear regression models. In older women, SMI was inversely associated with the pro-inflammatory markers CRP (β = −0.372; p < 0.05), fibrinogen (β = −0.376; p < 0.05), and IL-6 (β = −0.369; p < 0.05). Importantly, these associations were independent of abdominal adiposity (waist circumference), protein intake, physical activity level, as well as any adherence to muscle strengthening guidelines (≥2 sessions/week). In contrast, no corresponding associations were observed in men. In conclusion, our findings indicate the detrimental influence of a pro-inflammatory environment on muscle health regardless of important lifestyle-related factors in older women. However, the lack of such associations in older men highlights the importance of considering biological sex when examining the complex interaction between the systemic inflammatory environment and muscle health.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Associations between Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers and Indicators of Muscle Health in Older Men and Women

Bergens

Nilsson

Kadi

2021

JCM

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“…Confounders were selected based on our prior work and literature reviews on dietary and physical function association [ 29 ], including age (years), energy intake (Kcal), protein intake (g/d), dietary vitamin D (µg/d), dietary calcium (mg/d), BMI (kg/m 2 ) (or height for body composition analyses), hormone therapy (used, never used and current), smoking (smoker, nonsmokers), osteoporosis (T and Z bone mineral density score for 2SD below the reference population), alcohol consumption (g/week) from a separate questionnaire, physical activity (hours/week) and intervention group. Details of computing the final physical activity variable has been published elsewhere [ 30 ]. Among the leisure and exercise variables the most common activities reported were skiing, walking, cycling, swimming, and aerobic exercise, explaining over 90% of the weekly physical activity, which was used to form the physical activity variable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and alpha-linolenic acid are associated with physical capacity measure but not muscle mass in older women 65–72 years

et al. 2021

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Purpose The aim was to investigate the cross-sectional association of dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids PUFA (alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)) intake with multiple physical functions, muscle mass and fat mass in older women. Method Study subjects were 554 women from the Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Fracture Prevention Study, with dietary intake assessed with 3-day food record. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Physical function measures included walking speed 10 m, chair rises, one leg stance, knee extension, handgrip strength and squat. Short physical performance battery (SPPB) score was defined based on the European working group on sarcopenia criteria. Results The multivariable adjusted models showed statistically significant associations for dietary ALA with higher SPPB (β = 0.118, P = 0.024), knee extension force at baseline (β = 0.075, P = 0.037) and lower fat mass (β = − 0.081, P = 0.034), as well as longer one-leg stance (β = 0.119, P = 0.010), higher walking speed (β = 0.113, P = 0.047), and ability to squat to the ground (β = 0.110, P = 0.027) at baseline. Total dietary omega-3 PUFA was associated with better SPPB (β = 0.108, P = 0.039), one-leg stance (β = 0.102, P = 0.041) and ability to squat (β = 0.110, P = 0.028), and with walking speed (β = 0.110, P = 0.028). However, associations for dietary EPA and DHA with physical function and body composition were not significant. Conclusion Dietary omega-3 and ALA, but not EPA and DHA, were positively associated with muscle strength and function in older women. The intake of omega-3 and its subtypes was not associated with muscle mass. Longitudinal studies are needed to show whether omega-3 intake may be important for muscle function in older women.

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“…Most studies were conducted in community-dwelling settings [ 22 – 24 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 35 , 36 , 38 – 40 , 42 , 45 – 49 , 54 ]. Seven studies included patients with acute diseases (hospital-setting) [ 26 , 27 , 33 , 37 , 50 – 52 ], while four studies included patients with chronic conditions (out-patient setting) [ 25 , 32 , 41 , 44 ], and one study including nursing-home residents [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The rest of the studies had a mixed sample. Top subject area was sarcopenia (31 out of the 33 included studies), and on this subject, publications were categorized into the following research areas (with some studies addressing more areas): prevalence [ 22 – 27 , 29 , 30 , 33 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 45 , 47 , 49 – 51 , 52 – 54 ], risk factors [ 24 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 34 , 38 , 40 , 42 , 44 , 47 , 49 – 51 ], and effectiveness of interventions on sarcopenia or indicator of sarcopenia [ 32 , 35 , 46 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among older adults in the nordic countries: a scoping review

Baygi,

Buhl,

Thilsing

et al. 2024

BMC Geriatr

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Background Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity (SO) are age-related syndromes that may compromise physical and mental health among older adults. The Nordic countries differ from other regions on prevalence of disease, life-style behavior, and life expectancy, which may impact prevalence of sarcopenia and SO. Therefore, the aim of this study is to review the available evidence and gaps within this field in the Nordic countries. Methods PubMed, Embase, and Web of science (WOS) were searched up to February 2023. In addition, grey literature and reference lists of included studies were searched. Two independent researcher assessed papers and extracted data. Results Thirty-three studies out of 6,363 searched studies were included in this scoping review. Overall prevalence of sarcopenia varied from 0.9 to 58.5%. A wide prevalence range was still present for community-dwelling older adults when definition criteria and setting were considered. The prevalence of SO ranged from 4 to 11%, according to the only study on this field. Based on the included studies, potential risk factors for sarcopenia include malnutrition, low physical activity, specific diseases (e.g., diabetes), inflammation, polypharmacy, and aging, whereas increased levels of physical activity and improved dietary intake may reduce the risk of sarcopenia. The few available interventions for sarcopenia were mainly focused on resistance training with/without nutritional supplements (e.g., protein, vitamin D). Conclusion The findings of our study revealed inadequate research on SO but an increasing trend in the number of studies on sarcopenia. However, most of the included studies had descriptive cross-sectional design, small sample size, and applied different diagnostic criteria. Therefore, larger well-designed cohort studies that adhere to uniform recent guidelines are required to capture a full picture of these two age-related medical conditions in Nordic countries, and plan for prevention/treatment accordingly.

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Interaction of recommended levels of physical activity and protein intake is associated with greater physical function and lower fat mass in older women: Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor- (OSTPRE) and Fracture-Prevention Study

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Associations between Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers and Indicators of Muscle Health in Older Men and Women

Associations between Circulating Inflammatory Biomarkers and Indicators of Muscle Health in Older Men and Women

Dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and alpha-linolenic acid are associated with physical capacity measure but not muscle mass in older women 65–72 years

Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity among older adults in the nordic countries: a scoping review

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