Interaction of supplementary L-carnitine and dietary energy levels on feed utilization and blood constituents in New Zealand White rabbits reared under summer conditions

Ayyat, M. S.; El-Latif, Khaled M. Abd; Helal, A.; Al‐Sagheer, Adham A.

doi:10.1007/s11250-021-02723-1

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The CW for the studied rabbits was found within the range of 1,250–1,480 gm/animal, stated by several authors [ 2 , 23 ]. However, authors such as Matics et al [ 25 ], Rasskazova et al [ 26 ], and Ayyat et al [ 27 ] found higher CW in a range oscillating between 1,700 and 1,890 gm/animal. Rotımı et al [ 28 ] suggested that the differences in weights before slaughter and in the hot carcass could be attributed to age, sex, breed, feeding conditions, and management to which rabbits are subjected on the farm to the slaughter method.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters of growth traits and carcass weight of New Zealand white rabbits in a tropical dry forest area

2021

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Objective: The objective of this study was to estimate the heritability ( h 2 ), repeatability ( r ), and correlations ( r ŷ i y i ) in some traits of zootechnical interest in a population of New Zealand white rabbits of a tropical dry forest area. Materials and Methods: Three mating groups were formed, each one of 1 male and 70 females. The traits evaluated were litter size at birth (LB), born alive (BA), born dead (BD), litter weight born alive (LW), litter weight at weaning (LWW), weaning weight (WW), slaughter weight (SW), and carcass weight (CW). Weaning took place at 42 days, and the fattening phase lasted 60 ± 3 days. A descriptive statistical study was carried out on the study variables. Paternal heritability was estimated ( ) and maternal ( ), repeatability, rabbit index IC, and Pearson’s correlations ( r ŷ i y i ) between traits. The descriptive statistics showed high variation for the BD traits. Results: The values of the productivity found were similar to those presented in studies around the world. h 2 presented magnitudes between low and medium. ranged between 0.09 and 0.42 and between 0.11 and 0.45 for . In general, the values of were higher than the values of . The r values for the traits LB, BA, LW, LWW, and SW presented low magnitude, while it was medium for WW and CW. From the values of r , IC was calculated for each of the rabbits, allowing their categorization, which will be used in future selection plans. r ŷ i y i among the variables ranged from −0.01 to 0.860. They were generally positive and mostly not significant ( p > 0.05); they took a magnitude from low to moderate, except for the correlation between LB and BA. Conclusion: The production of rabbits under tropical conditions is similar to other reports. The genetic parameters evaluated were medium-to-low, indicating a robust non-additive gene and/or environmental effect.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic parameters of growth traits and carcass weight of New Zealand white rabbits in a tropical dry forest area

2021

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“…The selected dose might be insufficient to elevate the NO concentration, as 1 g of LC may be enough for exerting antioxidant capacity and protecting the cellular components against lipid peroxidation ( 53 ), as proposed by the obtained results; whereas, for the elevation of NO, LC should be administered at a dose of at least 3 g daily ( 52 ). Second, the role of LC in mitochondrial functions should be considered, through fatty acid transfer, energy production, and removal of excess acyl-CoA, promoting optimum cellular functions in the whole body organs including heart and testes ( 26 , 42 , 48 ). Third, LC as a potent antioxidant protects the testicular cells from the free radicals (SOA and hydroxyl radicals) attacks by capturing them ( 26 ), these radicals stimulate the nitric oxide conversion to peroxynitrite ( 54 ), thus decreasing its bioavailability which, in turn, lead to decrease TBF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous L-carnitine Administration Ameliorates the Adverse Effects of Heat Stress on Testicular Hemodynamics, Echotexture, and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Rams

2022

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Heat stress (HS) diminishes the testicular antioxidant defense systems, which adversely affect the testicular blood perfusion. Improving the testicular hemodynamics during HS conditions is of a great impact on the whole reproductive performance in rams. This study aimed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of L-carnitine (LC) on the testicular blood flow and echotextures and also on the total antioxidants (TAC) and nitric oxide (NO) concentrations in the serum during HS conditions in rams. Testicular blood flow was evaluated through scanning of the supra-testicular artery (STA) spectral patterns through pulsed Doppler ultrasonography [peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), time average maximum velocity (TAMAX), resistive index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI)], while the echotexture assessment of testicular parenchyma was performed by a computerized software program. Moreover, TAC and NO concentrations were assayed colorimetrically using the spectrophotometer. There were significant decreases (P < 0.05) in values of PSV at 48 and 168 h (23.45 ± 0.39 and 23.37 ± 1.41 cm/s, respectively), and TAMAX at 1, 48, and 168 h (17.65 ± 0.95, 17.5 ± 0.13, and 16.9 ± 1.05 cm/s, respectively) after LC administration compared to just before administration (31.92 ± 1.13 and 21.58 ± 0.92 cm/s, respectively). Values of RI and PI of the examined STA significantly decreased, especially at 1 h for RI (0.45 ± 0.02) and 1 and 48 h for PI (0.66 ± 0.06 and 0.65 ± 0.05, respectively) after LC treatment to 0 h (0.55 ± 0.03 and 0.84 ± 0.06, respectively). The EDV values did not show any significant (P < 0.05) changes in all the experimental time points. There were significant (P < 0.05) increases in the values of pixel intensity of the testicular parenchyma, especially at 1 and 168 h (78.71 ± 2.50 and 88.56 ± 4.10, respectively) after LC administration, compared to just before administration (69.40 ± 4.75). Serum NO levels tend to increase after LC administration (P = 0.07) concerning just before administration. While TAC values showed significant gradual increase and reached the highest values at 168 h (2.75 ± 0.58 mM/l) after LC administration, compared to 0 h (1.12 ± 0.05 mM/l). In conclusion, exogenous LC administration ameliorates testicular hemodynamic disruptions, as measured by spectral Doppler ultrasonography, via augmentation of the rams' total antioxidant capacity under HS conditions.

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“…It plays an essential role in the oxidation of mitochondrial fatty acids by transporting long-chain fatty acids like acylcarnitine esters through the inner mitochondrial membrane ( 152 ). Supplementation of 50 mg of LC kg −1 in basal diet could decrease the rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate, whereas enhance the growth rate and feed conversion ratio in heat-stressed rabbit; rabbit fed LC contained diet also showed higher blood hemoglobin, white blood cell counts, total protein, glucose and red blood cell counts, compared with those fed basal diet ( 104 ). Adding 100 mg·kg −1 LC to male rabbit diet was observed to improve heat stress-induced impairment of semen quality ( 105 ).…”

Section: Potential Mitigation Strategies Of Nutritional Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased appetite could ameliorate the decreased feed intake by heat stress and enhance the growth rate of rabbits. In a recent study, high energy feed was used to improve the heat stress, results showed that the rectal temperature, heart rate, and respiration rate decreased significantly in rabbits during heat stress ( 104 ). Moreover, due to the high unsaturated fatty acid content in vegetable fat helps rabbits to against heat stress, adding 3% vegetable fat to the diet can reportedly relieve the rabbit from heat stress ( 12 ).…”

Section: Potential Mitigation Strategies Of Nutritional Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Heat Stress on Rabbit Immune Function, Endocrine, Blood Biochemical Changes, Antioxidant Capacity and Production Performance, and the Potential Mitigation Strategies of Nutritional Intervention

et al. 2022

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Heat stress has become a widespread concern in the world, which is one of the major environmental stressors and causes substantial economic loss in the rabbit industry. Heat stress leads to multiple damages to the health of rabbits, such as organ damage, oxidative stress, disordered endocrine regulation, suppressed immune function and reproductive disorders, ultimately, induces the decreased production performance and increased mortality. Nutritional approaches, including feeding strategies, adjusting feed formula, and supplementing vitamins, minerals, electrolytes, Chinese herbal medicines, and functional active substances to the feed, were reported to mitigate the detrimental effects of heat stress in rabbits. Therefore, elucidating the damage of heat stress to rabbits; proper management and nutritional approaches should be considered to solve the heat stress issue in rabbits. This review highlights the scientific evidence regarding the effects of heat stress on rabbit's immune function, endocrine, blood biochemical changes, antioxidant capacity and production performance, and the potential mitigation strategies of nutritional intervention to alleviate heat stress in rabbits; which could contribute to develop nutritional strategies in relieving heat stress of rabbits.

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Interaction of supplementary L-carnitine and dietary energy levels on feed utilization and blood constituents in New Zealand White rabbits reared under summer conditions

Cited by 12 publications

References 36 publications

Genetic parameters of growth traits and carcass weight of New Zealand white rabbits in a tropical dry forest area

Genetic parameters of growth traits and carcass weight of New Zealand white rabbits in a tropical dry forest area

Exogenous L-carnitine Administration Ameliorates the Adverse Effects of Heat Stress on Testicular Hemodynamics, Echotexture, and Total Antioxidant Capacity in Rams

Impacts of Heat Stress on Rabbit Immune Function, Endocrine, Blood Biochemical Changes, Antioxidant Capacity and Production Performance, and the Potential Mitigation Strategies of Nutritional Intervention

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