Interaction of thymic stromal lymphopoietin, IL‐33, and their receptors in epithelial cells in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

Abstract

The positive feedback loop between TSLP, IL-33 and their receptors, and Th2 cytokines may facilitate Th2-skewed inflammation in eosinophilic CRSwNP.

A tumor–myeloid cell axis, mediated via the cytokines IL-1α and TSLP, promotes the progression of breast cancer

“…TSLP signaling in different immune cell types has been reported to affect various immune responses in mice, and to control related human diseases 1 . Furthermore, TSLPR expression on non-hematopoietic cells has also been seen, including airway and colonic epithelium, with expression regulated by local inflammation 13,16,17 .…”

Distinct mucosal immunopathologic profiles in atopic and nonatopic chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps in Central China

“…Serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) level was measured by means of ImmunoCAP system (Phadia, Uppsala, Sweden), and the lower detection limit for IgE was 0.35 kU/L. 20 As described, 21 subjective symptoms were scored on a visual analogue scale (VAS) of 0 to 10, and 5 major symptoms were included: nasal obstruction, nasal discharge, hyposmia, headache, and facial pain. In addition, patients were asked to rate his/her overall burden of CRS symptoms with the same method.…”

“…In addition, patients were asked to rate his/her overall burden of CRS symptoms with the same method. 21 Computed tomography (CT) scans were graded according to Lund-Mackay computer tomography scoring system. 22 On the CT scan images, all the CRSsNP patients had the inflammation within, but not limited to, the ethmoid sinuses.…”

“…20 The protein levels of neutrophil marker (myeloperoxidase [MPO]), T helper (T H ) 1 cell chemokine (CXCL10), and T H 2 cell chemokine (CCL17) in tissue homogenates were measured by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits (Boster Biotechnology, Wuhan, China) according to the manufacturer's instructions. 21 Protein expression data were analyzed and out-of-range values less than the lower limit of detection were assigned 1/10 of the lower limit of detection for the assay as described. 24 The lower detection limits for IFN-γ , IL-12, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17A, IL-6, IL-8, eotaxin-1, RANTES, GM-CSF, and G-CSF were 0.74 pg/mL, 0.46 pg/mL, 0.38 pg/mL, 0.56 pg/mL, 0.33 pg/mL, 0.5 pg/mL, 0.36 pg/mL, 0.41 pg/mL, 1.93 pg/mL, 1.1 pg/mL, 0.97 pg/mL, and 0.46 pg/mL, respectively.…”

Differential short palate, lung, and nasal epithelial clone 1 suppression in eosinophilic and noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps

“…Recently, our group, and others, demonstrated that osteopontin, a phosphorylated acidic glycoprotein, plays a critical role in the chemotaxis of eosinophil in eosinophilic CRSwNP [61 & ,62]. In addition, many other inflammatory mediators have been reported to be increased in eosinophilic polyp tissues [63][64][65][66][67], and more than one mechanism has been proposed to contribute to the responses.…”