Interaction of winter wheat varieties with conditions of the habitat in the formation of the yielding levels on the basis of post-registratioin cultivat testing in lower Silesia

The effect of meteorological conditions on the course of development stages and yield of winter wheat in southern Poland

“…According to Weber et al (2011), on light soils and at low fertilisation rates, yields decreased due to rainfall deficiency, whereas on compact soils and high fertilisation, the yield decrease was smaller and was related to excess rainfall. The dependence of wheat yield (A1, A2) on meteorological conditions, as well as on the length of the development periods of this crop, was assessed on the basis of correlations with mean values of air temperature, total precipitation and the number of days with precipitation.…”

“…A 10 mm increase in precipitation sum caused a yield decrease of 0.05 to 0.07 t•ha -1 in these phases, while an increase in the number of days with precipitation by 10 days reduced the yield from 0.28 to 0.64 t•ha -1 depending on the level of technology. Lower yield and higher yield variability are observed for weaker soils and unfavourable rainfall distribution (Weber et al, 2011). Globally, temperature negatively affects cereal yields, and a 1°C increase in air temperature can reduce global average wheat yields by 6.0% (Zhao et al, 2017).…”

“…A study by Wing, Cian De and Mistry (2021), which examined the risk to global crop yields from climate warming with projections constructed using an ensemble of 21 climate model simulations, suggests that under strong warming, climate change could reduce global crop yields by 3 to 12% by mid-century and by 11 to 25% by the end of the century. Variability in weather elements determines conditions for plant growth and development, triggering genotype-environment interactions in plants (Kołodziej and Kulig, 2007;Weber et al, 2011;Jadczyszyn and Bartosiewicz, 2020). The course and length of phenophases and crop yields are influenced by rainfall and temperature variability, as well as by photoperiodism, i.e.…”