Interaction of zero valent copper nanoparticles with algal cells under simulated natural conditions: Particle dissolution kinetics, uptake and heteroaggregation

Abstract

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Do the joint effects of size, shape and ecocorona influence the attachment and physical eco(cyto)toxicity of nanoparticles to algae?

“…Previous studies already showed that ENPs may attach to the surface of cells with different strengths, either strongly and/or loosely (Wang et al 2011a;Dalai et al 2012;Iswarya et al 2015;Arenas-Lago et al 2019b). In this section, we determined the loose attachment of Au-ENPs to the cell wall as a function of particle shape and size and in the presence and absence of a NOM ecocorona.…”

“…After exposure, aliquots of the samples (exposed algae) from each treatment were collected and centrifuged (Sorvall RC 5B plus centrifuge, Fiberlite F21-8) at 4000 rpm for 10 min at 4 C following the method reported previously (Arenas-Lago et al 2019b). We removed the supernatants which were assumed to contain unbound Au-ENPs.…”

“…This has been confirmed by the measured agglomeration rate of the citrate-coated and NOM-coated Au-ENPs in the exposure medium (Figure S1d-e, SI). Dispersed Au-ENPs would agglomerate when their surface charge is nearly neutralized, otherwise the stability against agglomeration would be achieved due to the electrostatic or steric repulsion resulting from the NOM ecocorona (Navarro et al 2008b;Grillo et al 2015;Arenas-Lago et al 2019b). The dissolution rate of the particles was measured over the exposure time in the exposure medium without algae cells following the method reported by (Arenas-Lago et al 2019b).…”

“…Dispersed Au-ENPs would agglomerate when their surface charge is nearly neutralized, otherwise the stability against agglomeration would be achieved due to the electrostatic or steric repulsion resulting from the NOM ecocorona (Navarro et al 2008b;Grillo et al 2015;Arenas-Lago et al 2019b). The dissolution rate of the particles was measured over the exposure time in the exposure medium without algae cells following the method reported by (Arenas-Lago et al 2019b). It was found that less than 2% of the Au-ENPs were dissolved in the exposure medium.…”

Development of methods for extraction and analytical characterization of carbon-based nanomaterials (nanoplastics and carbon nanotubes) in biological and environmental matrices by asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation

“…NOM consists of a heterogeneous mixture of humic substances, hydrophilic acids, proteins, etc., derived from degradation of plants and animal residues in waterbodies (Hong and Elimelech, 1997). NOM can attach to the surface of NMs, forming so-called NOM corona and inducing a negative surface charge as well as steric stabilization to the particles (Arenas-Lago et al, 2019a;Arenas-Lago et al, 2019b). Thus, the characterization of NM-NOM complexes is important for fate assessment of the CB-NMs.…”