Interactions between auxin and ethylene in root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) infected tomato roots

Glazer, I.; Epstein, Ephraim; Orion, D.; Apelbaum, Akiva

doi:10.1016/s0048-4059(86)80061-3

Cited by 21 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 22 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…When auxin (NAA) was applied to peach resistant to M. javanica, they became susceptible (Kochba and Samish 1971). IAA applied to tomato roots increased the size of galls formed by M. javanica (Glazer et al 1986). Gruenwald et al (2008) showed that the auxin-inducibe transcription factor AtWRKY23 was expressed during infection of Arabidopsis roots by H. schachtii.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode

Matthews

Beard

MacDonald

et al. 2013

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During pathogen attack, the host plant induces genes to ward off the pathogen while the pathogen often produces effector proteins to increase susceptibility of the host. Gene expression studies of syncytia formed in soybean root by soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) identified many genes altered in expression in resistant and susceptible roots. However, it is difficult to assess the role and impact of these genes on resistance using gene expression patterns alone. We selected 100 soybean genes from published microarray studies and individually overexpressed them in soybean roots to determine their impact on cyst nematode development. Nine genes reduced the number of mature females by more than 50 % when overexpressed, including genes encoding ascorbate peroxidase, β-1,4-endoglucanase, short chain dehydrogenase, lipase, DREPP membrane protein, calmodulin, and three proteins of unknown function. One gene encoding a serine hydroxymethyltransferase decreased the number of mature cyst nematode females by 45 % and is located at the Rhg4 locus. Four genes increased the number of mature cyst nematode females by more than 200 %, while thirteen others increased the number of mature cyst nematode females by more than 150 %. Our data support a role for auxin and ethylene in susceptibility of soybean to cyst nematodes. These studies highlight the contrasting gene sets induced by host and nematode during infection and provide new insights into the interactions between host and pathogen at the molecular level. Overexpression of some of these genes result in a greater decrease in the number of cysts formed than recognized soybean cyst nematode resistance loci.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode

Matthews

Beard

MacDonald

et al. 2013

Planta

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The idea that auxin could be involved in the nematode infection process was launched as early as the 1960s (Balasubramanian and Rangaswami, 1962;Bird, 1962;Yu and Viglierchio, 1964;Cutler and Krusberg, 1968). Since then, an increasing amount of information points toward an important role for auxin in NFS establishment (Kochba and Samish, 1971;Glazer et al, 1986;Goverse et al, 2000). More recently, in Arabidopsis, the up-regulation of the auxin-responsive DR5 reporter could be demonstrated shortly after nematode infection (Karczmarek et al, 2004;this study).…”

Section: Is Wrky23 a Negative Regulator Of Basal Defense Or Is Its Exmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Role for AtWRKY23 in Feeding Site Establishment of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

et al. 2008

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the interaction between sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes and their host, complex morphological and physiological changes occur in the infected plant tissue, finally resulting in the establishment of a nematode feeding site. This cellular transformation is the result of altered plant gene expression most likely induced by proteins injected in the plant cell by the nematode. Here, we report on the identification of a WRKY transcription factor expressed during nematode infection. Using both promoter-reporter gene fusions and in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we could show that AtWRKY23 is expressed during the early stages of feeding site establishment. Knocking down the expression of WRKY23 resulted in lower infection of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. WRKY23 is an auxin-inducible gene and in uninfected plants WRKY23 acts downstream of the Aux/IAA protein SLR/IAA14. Although auxin is known to be involved in feeding site formation, our results suggest that, during early stages, auxin-independent signals might be at play to activate the initial expression of WRKY23.

show abstract

“…Few studies have explored the possible involvement of different hormones, including cytokinins, auxins and ethylene during gall and GC development (Glazer et al, 1986; Hutangura et al, 1999;de Meutter et al, 2003de Meutter et al, , 2005Lohar et al, 2004). Our goal was to determine whether genes whose expression changed in response to hormones, also showed differential regulation in GCs.…”

Section: (See Experimental Procedures)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two early auxin response genes coding IAA-amido synthases, which conjugate amino acids to auxins in vitro and participate in free-auxin balance in GCs (Glazer et al, 1986), two auxin responsive factor (ARF) genes and one auxinresponsive protein gene (IAA8) were induced in 3 d.p.i. GCs.…”

Section: A Complex Modulation Of Plant-hormone Pathways In Early Gcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early transcriptomic events in microdissected Arabidopsis nematode-induced giant cells

et al. 2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Root‐knot nematodes differentiate highly specialized feeding cells in roots (giant cells, GCs), through poorly characterized mechanisms that include extensive transcriptional changes. While global transcriptome analyses have used galls, which are complex root structures that include GCs and surrounding tissues, no global gene expression changes specific to GCs have been described. We report on the differential transcriptome of GCs versus root vascular cells, induced in Arabidopsis by Meloidogyne javanica at a very early stage of their development, 3 days after infection (d.p.i.). Laser microdissection was used to capture GCs and root vascular cells for microarray analysis, which was validated through qPCR and by a promoter‐GUS fusion study. Results show that by 3 d.p.i., GCs exhibit major gene repression. Although some genes showed similar regulation in both galls and GCs, the majority had different expression patterns, confirming the molecular distinctiveness of the GCs within the gall. Most of the differentially regulated genes in GCs have no previously assigned function. Comparisons with other transcriptome analyses revealed similarities between GCs and cell suspensions differentiating into xylem cells. This suggests a molecular link between GCs and developing vascular cells, which represent putative GC stem cells. Gene expression in GCs at 3 d.p.i. was also found to be similar to crown galls induced by Agrobacterium tumefaciens, a specialized root biotroph.

show abstract

Interactions between auxin and ethylene in root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) infected tomato roots

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode

Engineered resistance and hypersusceptibility through functional metabolic studies of 100 genes in soybean to its major pathogen, the soybean cyst nematode

A Role for AtWRKY23 in Feeding Site Establishment of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes

Early transcriptomic events in microdissected Arabidopsis nematode-induced giant cells

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About