Interactions between fungi of standard paint test method BS3900

Gaylarde, Christine C.; Otlewska, Anna; Celikkol-Aydin, Sukriye; Skóra, Justyna; Sulyok, Michael; Pielech‐Przybylska, Katarzyna; Gillatt, John; Beech, Iwona B.; Gutarowska, Beata

doi:10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.07.010

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…All intraspecific interactions recorded in the oligotrophic medium and 73% of the interactions observed in the copiotrophic medium led to combative defense responses (categories C and D). The encountered inhibition resulting from intra- and interspecific fungal interactions in the culture media could be due to the production of diffusible metabolites in the agar [ 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between abundant fungal species influence the fungal community assemblage on limestone

Morón‐Ríos¹,

Gómez‐Cornelio²,

Ortega-Morales³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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The assembly of fungal communities on stone materials is mainly influenced by the differential bioreceptivity of such materials and environmental conditions. However, little is known about the role of fungal interactions in the colonization and establishment of fungal species. We analyzed the effects of intra- and interspecific interactions between 11 species of fungi in oligotrophic and copiotrophic media and on limestone coupons. In a previous study, these species were the most frequently isolated in the epilithic biofilms of limestone walls exposed to a subtropical climate. In the culture media, we found a greater frequency of intra- and interspecific inhibitory effects in the oligotrophic medium than in the copiotrophic medium. On the limestone coupons, all fungi were able to establish; however, the colonization success rate varied significantly. Cladosporium cladosporioides had a less extensive colonization in isolation (control) than in dual interactions (coexistence) with other species. Phoma eupyrena exhibited the highest colonization success rate and competitive dominance among all tested species. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses revealed that Pestalotiopsis maculans and Paraconiothyrium sp. produced calcium oxalate crystals during their growth on coupon surfaces, both in isolation and in dual interactions. Our results demonstrate that interactions between abundant fungal species influence the fungal colonization on substrates, the biomineralization and the fungal community assemblage growing in limestone biofilms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions between abundant fungal species influence the fungal community assemblage on limestone

Morón‐Ríos¹,

Gómez‐Cornelio²,

Ortega-Morales³

et al. 2017

PLoS ONE

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“…Six gypsum panels (2 × 2 × 1 cm), with the paper cover removed from one side and coated on that side with a white water-based paint (provided by Thor Specialities UK, as described in Gaylarde et al. 4 ), were sterilized by autoclaving. After conditioning in a humid chamber ( Binder , Germany) at 27℃ and 85% RH for two weeks, the panels were inoculated by spreading over the painted surface 1 ml of a saline (0.9% NaCl) suspension (4–6 × 10 6 cfu ml −1 ) of each pure fungus (Table 1) or the 14-fold mix from three-day-old malt extract agar plates (Merck, Germany).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, it has been reported that Ulocladium atrum was the main surviving fungus on painted panels that had been submitted to the British Standard test BS3900, used to assess the resistance of paint coatings to fungal attack, and that Penicillium minioluteum in the same inoculum produced ‘pits’ in the painted surface. 4 The research presented here expands the latter investigation and aims to study the action of these two fungal species on the painted surface, using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM)-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) as the principal analytical tool to assess fungal effects on the mineral components of the paint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of fungi with titanium dioxide from paint coating

Beech

Otlewska

Skóra

et al. 2016

Indoor and Built Environment

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Field emission scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis of white-painted gypsum panels incubated for 11 months with either a consortium comprising several fungal species or their monocultures demonstrated that spores of Penicillium minioluteum concentrated titanium, a common white paint ingredient. The paint coating was severely degraded and the exposed underlying gypsum seen was to be contaminated with fungal spores. Ulocladium atrum, while growing well on consortium-inoculated panels over 12 weeks, failed to remain the principal colonizer after 11 months and did not concentrate minerals on its spores nor show visible degradation of the coating. When inoculated in pure culture, U. atrum failed to thrive on the panels, its concentration, measured as ergosterol, falling after 21 days. U. atrum, previously reported to be the major surviving fungus after the 12-week incubation based on the British Standard test BS3900 for fungal growth on paint, has discolouring but not degrading effects and probably grows on the paint coating at the expense of organic matter, including that originating from other fungal species. Ulocladium consortiale, a strain that grew on stored uninoculated panels, caused paint coating degradation visible under field emission scanning electron microscopy and detected as reduction in titanium in the underlying paint coating; however, it did not concentrate any particular elements on its spores.

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“…Fungi are the principal deteriorating microbiota on painted surfaces in the built environment through colonization and biodegradation of organic components 97 . Many paint-degrading fungi are black pigmented leading to extensive discolouration of affected surfaces.…”

Section: Biofouling Discolouration and Stainingmentioning

confidence: 99%