Interactions between ingested kaolinite and the intestinal mucosa in rat: proteomic and cellular evidences

Reichardt, François; Habold, Caroline; Chaumande, Bertrand; Ackermann, Alain; Ehret‐Sabatier, Laurence; Maho, Yvon Le; Angel, F.; Liewig, Nicole; Lignot, Jean-Hervé

doi:10.1111/j.1472-8206.2008.00646.x

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Interestingly, the mineral content of kaolinite‐complemented animals was higher than for animals refed with only the normal food ration. Therefore, clay elements such as aluminum and silicium may cross the intestinal barrier, as already hypothesized [12]. However, this could also result from clay contamination from the gut lumen, despite careful prior washing of samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Kaolinite ingestion facilitates restoration of body energy reserves during refeeding after prolonged fasting

Reichardt¹,

Chaumande²,

Habold³

et al. 2011

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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Clay consumption is a spontaneous behavior currently observed in animals and humans, particularly during undernutrition. Often regarded as intestinal care products, ingested clays also enhance food efficiency, notably by increasing intestinal lipid uptake. Clay complementation could then optimize the reconstitution of energy reserves in animals with low lipid stocks consecutive to intensive fasting. The aim of this study was therefore to observe the effects of voluntarily kaolinite complementation during the refeeding of fasted rats to determine whether body mass, food uptake, lipid and mineral contents as intestinal morphology and protein profile were modified. This study examined two types of refeeding experiments after prolonged fasting. Firstly, rats with ad libitum access to food were compared to rats with ad libitum access to food and kaolinite pellets. Animals were randomly put into the different groups when the third phase of fasting (phase III) reached by each individual was detected. In a second set of experiments, rats starting phase III were refed with free access to food and kaolinite pellets. When animals had regained their body mass prior to fasting, they were euthanized for chemical, morphological, and proteomic analyses. Although kaolinite ingestion did not change the time needed for regaining prefasting body mass, daily food ingestion was seen to decrease by 6.8% compared with normally refed rats, without affecting lipid composition. Along the intestinal lining, enterocytes of complemented animals contained abundant lipid droplets and a structural modification of the brushborder was observed. Moreover, the expression of two apolipoproteins involved in lipid transport and satiety (ApoA-I and ApoA-IV) increased in complemented rats. These results suggest that kaolinite complementation favors intestinal nutrient absorption during refeeding despite reduced food uptake. Within the intestinal lumen, clay particles could increase the passive absorption capacity and/or nutrient availability that induce mucosal morphological changes. Therefore, clay ingestion appears to be beneficial for individuals undergoing extreme nutritional conditions such as refeeding and limited food supplies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Kaolinite ingestion facilitates restoration of body energy reserves during refeeding after prolonged fasting

Reichardt¹,

Chaumande²,

Habold³

et al. 2011

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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“…Isoelectric focusing was performed on samples containing 700 μg of proteins, 7 m urea, 2 m thiourea, 4% CHAPS (w/v), 20 m m Tris–HCl pH 8, 20 m m DTT, 0.2% (v/v) Biolytes ® 3/10 ampholytes (Bio‐Rad, Marnes‐la‐Coquette, France) and 0.005% (v/v) bromophenol blue as previously described [13]. Second dimension was carried out on 10% SDS–PAGE.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analysis and identification of differentially expressed proteins in jejunal mucosa The proteomic analysis was performed at day 28, to compare with previous data concerning spontaneous consumption of kaolinite [13].…”

Section: R E S U L T Smentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of controlled ingestion of kaolinite (5%) on food intake, gut morphology and in vitro motility in rats

Voinot

Fischer

Bœuf

et al. 2011

Fundamemntal Clinical Pharma

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Geophagia is found in various animal species and in humans. We have previously shown that spontaneously ingested kaolinite interacts with the intestinal mucosa modifies nutrient absorption and slows down gastric emptying and intestinal transit in rats in vivo. However, the precise mechanisms involved are not elucidated. The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of controlled kaolinite ingestion on food intake, gut morphology and in vitro motility in rats. Male Wistar rats were fed with 5% kaolinite in standard food pellets during 7, 14 and 28 days. Body mass and food consumption were measured daily. Intestinal morphological and proteomic analyses were conducted. The length of mucosal lacteals was evaluated. Plasmatic levels of leptin and adiponectin were determined. Finally, organ bath studies were conducted to evaluate smooth muscle contractility. Food consumption was significantly increased during the first two weeks of kaolinite ingestion without any mass gain compared to controls. Kaolinite induced weak variations in proteins that are involved in various biological processes. Compared to control animals, the length of intestinal lacteals was significantly reduced in kaolinite group whatever the duration of the experiment. Leptin and adiponectin plasmatic levels were significantly increased after 14 days of kaolinite consumption. Changes in spontaneous motility and responses to electrical nerve stimulation of the jejunum and proximal colon were observed at day 14. Altogether, the present data give evidence for a modulation by kaolinite-controlled ingestion on satiety and anorexigenic signals as well as on intestinal and colonic motility.

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“…More research has yielded high throughput mass spectrometric proteomic technologies that can simultaneously detect hundreds of proteins [20, 21]. A proteomic analysis of the rat small intestinal proteome showed the presence of previously unrecognized proteins involved in various functions including the absorption and transport of nutrients and the maintenance of cell structure, as well as intestinal molecular chaperones [22]. There remains a great need to pursue proteomic technology to elucidate the beneficial effects of NSPEs in the GI tract mucosa.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proteome changes in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with dietary supplementation of non-starch polysaccharide enzymes

Zhang

Gao

et al. 2016

Proteome Sci

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BackgroundNon-starch polysaccharide enzymes (NSPEs) have long been used in monogastric animal feed production to degrade non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) to oligosaccharides in order to promote growth performance and gastrointestinal (GI) tract health. However, the precise molecular mechanism of NSPEs in the improvement of the mammalian small intestine remains unknown.MethodsIn this study, isobaric tags were applied to investigate alterations of the small intestinal mucosa proteome of growing pigs after 50 days of supplementation with 0.6% NSPEs (mixture of xylanase, β-glucanase and cellulose) in the diet. Bioinformatics analysis including gene ontology annotation was performed to determine the differentially expressed proteins. A protein fold-change of ≥ 1.2 and a P-value of < 0.05 were selected as thresholds.ResultsDietary supplementation of NSPEs improved the growth performance of growing pigs. Most importantly, a total of 90 proteins were found to be differentially abundant in the small intestinal mucosa between a control group and the NSPE group. Up-regulated proteins were related to nutrient metabolism (energy, lipids, protein and mineral), immunity, redox homeostasis, detoxification and the cell cytoskeleton. Down-regulated proteins were primarily related to transcriptional and translational regulation. Our results indicate that the effect of NSPEs on the increase of nutrient availability in the intestinal lumen facilitates the efficiency of nutrient absorption and utilization, and the supplementation of NSPEs in growing pigs also modulates redox homeostasis and enhances immune response during simulating energy metabolism due to a higher uptake of nutrients in the small intestine.ConclusionsThese findings have important implications for understanding the mechanisms of NSPEs on the small intestine of pigs, which provides new information for the better utilization of this feed additive in the future.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12953-016-0109-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Interactions between ingested kaolinite and the intestinal mucosa in rat: proteomic and cellular evidences

Cited by 14 publications

References 35 publications

Kaolinite ingestion facilitates restoration of body energy reserves during refeeding after prolonged fasting

Kaolinite ingestion facilitates restoration of body energy reserves during refeeding after prolonged fasting

Effects of controlled ingestion of kaolinite (5%) on food intake, gut morphology and in vitro motility in rats

Proteome changes in the small intestinal mucosa of growing pigs with dietary supplementation of non-starch polysaccharide enzymes

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