Rational and preservation utilization of water resources represents one of the main problems of the 21 st century. Water as a resource is a valued quantity, quality, and by location, where the quality is a condition of the water system, expressed through physical-chemical, chemical, and biological indicators. The important aspects taken into consideration when examining the top-priority problems of water quality are economic influence, the influence on human health, influence on the ecosystem, and influence of the geographic area, as well as duration of the influence [1]. Changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of water quality are influenced not only by anthropogenic factors, but also by combined interactive natural processes such as hydrological conditions, topography and lithology, climate, precipitation inputs, catchment area, tectonic and edaphic factors, erosion, weathering of crustal materials and bedrock geology, in combination with environmental influence [2]. It should be also taken into account that the Republic of Serbia is striving toward membership within the EU, and reaching good water quality represents an important challenge [3]. The most important legal framework within the European Union (EU), which regulates water policies, is the Water Framework Directive (WFD) [4].River systems play an important role in the sustainable development of the whole environment, especially when Pol. J. Environ. Stud. Vol. 24, No. 2 (2015), [555][556][557][558][559][560][561] Original Research
AbstractThe Drina River is the biggest tributary of the Sava River, created by the merger of the Tara and Piva rivers at Šćepan Polje. The Drina represents the border between Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. Water quality index (WQI) is a numeric expression used to evaluate the quality of water bodies and make it more easily understood by managers. In this study, the water quality status and the spatial and temporal trends along the Drina were assessed through the application of seven WQI parameters, to an eight-year public database of environmental data . Water quality of the Drina is one of the significant factors taken into consideration in evaluation of sustainability of the development of this region and it is controlled by complex anthropogenic activities and natural factors. Values of pH grew steadily from CP1 to CP3, but on CP4 values of pH were lower (8.11) than on two previous control points (CP2 8.14 and CP3 8.16). O 2 saturation shows highest values at CP1 121.3%, while the lowest values were observed at CP3 101.8%. BOD 5 at all four CPs shows that water quality of the Drina can be classified as I class (< 2 mg/l). According to statistical data processing we can state that Drina water quality at all four control points allows for its exploitation.