Interactions between Soil and Vegetation: Structure of Plant Communities and Soil Functioning

Freschet, Grégoire T.; Violle, Cyrille; Roumet, Catherine; Garnier, Éric

doi:10.1002/9781119438274.ch5

Cited by 14 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Taken together, the effects of plants on the biosphere, atmosphere and geosphere are key determinants of terrestrial ecosystem functioning. Belowground, plant roots and their symbionts are central to the maintenance of multiple ecosystem functions (Bardgett et al ., 2014; Freschet & Roumet, 2017): roots play key roles in the transformation and circulation of elements and mineral/organic compounds across the spheres (Prieto et al ., 2012; Freschet et al ., 2018b), and particularly in the formation, maintenance and stabilisation of soils (Daynes et al ., 2013; Dignac et al ., 2017). Thus, an advanced mechanistic understanding of the effects of root systems on ecosystem functions has numerous potential applications, such as designing plant mixtures for nutrient retention in agrosystems, for stabilisation of hillslopes, and so on (Stokes et al ., 2009; Lavorel et al ., 2013; Martin & Isaac, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits as drivers of plant and ecosystem functioning: current understanding, pitfalls and future research needs

et al. 2021

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The effects of plants on the biosphere, atmosphere, and geosphere are key determinants of terrestrial ecosystem functioning. However, despite substantial progress made regarding plant belowground components, we are still only beginning to explore the complex relationships between root traits and functions. Drawing on literature in plant physiology, ecophysiology, ecology, agronomy and soil science, we review 24 aspects of plant and ecosystem functioning and their relationships with a number of traits of root systems, including aspects of architecture, physiology, morphology, anatomy, chemistry, biomechanics and biotic interactions. Based on this assessment, we critically evaluate the current strengths and gaps in our knowledge, and identify future research challenges in the field of root ecology. Most importantly, we found that below-ground traits with widest importance in plant and ecosystem Accepted Article This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved functioning are not those most commonly measured. Also, the fair estimation of trait relative importance for functioning requires us to consider a more comprehensive range of functionally-relevant traits from a diverse range of species, across environments and over time series. We also advocate that establishing causal hierarchical links among root traits will provide a hypothesis-based framework to identify the most parsimonious sets of traits with strongest influence on the functions, and to link genotypes to plant and ecosystem functioning.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Root traits as drivers of plant and ecosystem functioning: current understanding, pitfalls and future research needs

et al. 2021

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“…This is also verified with the investigations of [17], who stipulate that poor water retention capacity, low soil thickness and high soil density reduce rubber tree growth by 20 to 30%. [18] also indicated that ploughing a soil to a depth of 30 to 45 cm stirred under ploughing is quite advantageous for cultivated plants. In this study area with soils with a compact surface horizon, clay and gravel at the summit and mid slopes [19], plougheds soils would limit the physical obstacles of these soils as much as possible and would allow the roots to explore the soil sufficiently and provide the plants with the best possible nutrition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The plants of the GT 1 clone developed best on plougheds soils in the low slopes. This could be due to the runoff of soil nutrients from the summit to the bottom of the slopes, which would have affected the nutritional quality of the soils in this toposequence [18], but on plougheds soils in mid-slopes, the aerial development of GT 1 clone plants is less. This poor development can be explained by the action of the runoff of a large quantity of the mineral elements essential for plant growth [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Soil Preparation Method on the Aerial and Root Development of the Clone GT 1 of Hevea brasiliensis, Mull. Arg (Euphorbiaceae) in the South-West of Cote D’ivoire

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Kouadio

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et al. 2020

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Objective: The study was carried out on the plots of the Southwest Agricultural Civil Society (SCASO) in southwestern Côte d'Ivoire. the objective of this study is to evaluate the aerial and root development of rubber plants of Gondang Tapen 1 (GT 1) clone, through the method of land preparation Methodology and Results: The methodology focused on plougheds soils of the experimental plots according to a toposequence (summit, mid-slope and low-slope). This treatment was compared with control plots on unploughed soil. The results obtained showed that ploughed soil favoured good aerial development of plants of the GT 1 clone, especially in the lower slopes of plots installed on a toposequence gradient. This cultivation technique also allows a good elongation of the main root of the rubber plants of the GT 1 clone, mainly at the summit and bottom of the toposequence, thus ensuring good fixation in the soil, and thus resistance to windthrow and water supply in the dry season. The study indicated a close relationship between the development of the aerial and underground parts of the GT 1 clone plants on undisturbed (unploughed soil) soils. Conclusion and Application: Evaluation of the influence of the mode of land preparation on the aerial and root development of the GT 1 a clone showed that mechanical soil preparation by ploughed soil in rubber cultivation is an appropriate cultivation technique to boost the development of rubber trees in plantations, when soil characteristics require it.

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“…Larger root biomass means higher amounts of carbon and nitrogen allocated to the whole root system [24,25]. However, while root biomass and litter inputs are ultimately the main driver of carbon and nitrogen inputs to the soil [18,[71][72][73], root traits and rooting depth are also critical to assess the impact of roots on carbon storage and nutrient availability in soil [74,75]. In this study, as compared to the regular root litter inputs from annual crops after each growing season, the longer lifespan and higher biomass of perennial roots would imply lower organic matter inputs available for nitrifying bacteria in the short-term [30].…”

Section: A Range Of Influences On Soil Functioning and Services Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

Introducing Perennial Grain in Grain Crops Rotation: The Role of Rooting Pattern in Soil Quality Management

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The use of the perennial grain intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R. Dewey) may have the potential to sustain soil health and fertility through the development of an extensive root system. However, references are scarce to demonstrate its potential influence in a context of a limited perennial grain growth phase, integrated into annual grain crops succession. This study aims at determining how early a perennial crop rooting system differs from that of an annual crop through root development and root traits and microbial indicators. Our results indicate that the two-year-old intermediate wheatgrass promotes a denser and deeper rooting system with proportionally more root biomass and length deeper in the soil profile. From the first growing season, the perennial grain demonstrated a suite of root traits typical of a more resource-conservative strategy, and more belowground-oriented resource allocation. Soil fungal biomass indicators were enhanced. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) indicators were notably found to be improved at 1 m depth during the second growing season. This study provides evidence that grain-based agriculture can benefit from the potential of deeper and long-lived root systems of intermediate wheatgrass to manage soils. The periodic use of a short-term perennial phase in the crop rotation has the potential to improve soil functioning in the long term.

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Interactions between Soil and Vegetation: Structure of Plant Communities and Soil Functioning

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Root traits as drivers of plant and ecosystem functioning: current understanding, pitfalls and future research needs

Root traits as drivers of plant and ecosystem functioning: current understanding, pitfalls and future research needs

Influence of the Soil Preparation Method on the Aerial and Root Development of the Clone GT 1 of Hevea brasiliensis, Mull. Arg (Euphorbiaceae) in the South-West of Cote D’ivoire

Introducing Perennial Grain in Grain Crops Rotation: The Role of Rooting Pattern in Soil Quality Management

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