Interactions between substrate, fermentation end-products, buffering systems and gas production upon fermentation of different carbohydrates by mixed rumen microorganisms in vitro

Beuvink, J.M.W.; Spoelstra, S.F.

doi:10.1007/bf00180978

Cited by 133 publications

(108 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Low determination of corn grain's metabolizable energy in gas production method can be resulted from its low rate of gas production and extent of gas production at 24 h. The high non-fiber carbohydrate content of corn grain leads to proportionally higher propionate production, thereby reducing the acetate to propionate ratio [17] . Highly significant correlation has been observed between SCFA and gas production [6] . The molar proportions of different SCFA (acetate, propionate and butyrate) produced is dependent on the type of substrate [6] .…”

Section: Gas Production Constants -----------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Fermentative gas is produced mainly when feedstuffs are fermented to acetate and butyrate, with propionate yielding gas only due to buffering of the acid. Thus feeds that produce high amounts of propionate yield lower gas volumes [6] . Low determination of corn grain's metabolizable energy in gas production method can be resulted from its low rate of gas production and extent of gas production at 24 h. The high non-fiber carbohydrate content of corn grain leads to proportionally higher propionate production, thereby reducing the acetate to propionate ratio [17] .…”

Section: Gas Production Constants -----------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nutrient Digestibility and Gas Production of Some Tropical Feeds Used in Ruminant Diets Estimated by the in vivo and in vitro Gas Production Techniques

Paya¹,

Taghizadeh²,

Janmohammadi³

et al. 2007

American J. of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Some feedstuffs which used in ruminants diet (corn grain, soybean meal, wheat bran and alfalfa) were analyzed for chemical composition, apparent in vivo nutrient digestibility, in vitro fermentation gas production and metabolizable energy. Chemical composition of test feeds differed in nutrient contents. Initially apparent in vivo digestibility of alfalfa nutrients were obtained then digestibility of nutrients for the other test feeds were determined by difference method, using 16 Ghezel mature rams (mean weight of 43.9±4 kg). In vivo DM, CP, NDF and OM apparent digestibility were different among the test feeds (p<0.05). Regarding to the results, corn grain had a high DM and OM digestibility between test feeds and soybean meal had a high CP and NDF digestibility between test feeds (p<0.05). Cumulative gas production was recorded at 2,4,8,12,16,24,36, 48, 72 and 96 h of incubation and the equation of p = A (1-e-ct) was used to describe the kinetics of gas production. Potential gas production (A) and rates of gas production (c) differed (p<0.01) among feeds. Corn grain showed higher potential gas production (A) (326.5 mL g −1 DM) and wheat bran had higher rate of gas production (c) (0.097 h −1 ) than the other feeds, inverses alfalfa (257.6 mL g −1 DM) and corn grain (0.048 h −1 ) had lower potential gas production and rate of gas production than the other test feeds, respectively. The metabolizable energy (MJ kg −1 DM) content of feeds was calculated using in vivo organic matter digestibility and gas production data. According to in vivo organic matter digestibility data, the ME values ranged from 9.2 in alfalfa to 13.3 MJ kg −1 DM in corn grain. It was concluded that regarding to different chemical composition of test feeds, the in vivo digestibility, in vitro gas production and ME of feeds showed different values.

show abstract

Section: Gas Production Constants -----------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Gas Production Constants -----------------------------------mentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Digestibility and Gas Production of Some Tropical Feeds Used in Ruminant Diets Estimated by the in vivo and in vitro Gas Production Techniques

Paya¹,

Taghizadeh²,

Janmohammadi³

et al. 2007

American J. of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…A partir dos teores de CF e CNF (Tabela 1), estimou-se a contribuição gasogênica de cada uma das frações ( ) ( CF V f = 13,22 mL/100 mg de MS e (CNF) V f = 5,15 mL/100 mg de MS), com base no pressuposto que o volume de gás produzido por unidade monomérica fermentada é o mesmo para ambas as frações (Beuvink et al 1992;Schofield et al, 1995). Assim, foi estimado em cada tempo o volume de gás para o CF e desses valores descontou-se o volume registrado na produção de gás para MS no intuito de se obter o perfil de produção de gás para o CNF.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…Estimado o volume final f V e considerando os teores de FDNcp = CF e CNF = CT-CF, foram preditas as contribuições sobre o f V de cada um desses componentes (CF e CNF), com base na pressuposição de que o volume de gás produzido por unidade monomérica de carboidrato assimilado e fermentado pela massa microbiana é o mesmo para carboidratos fibrosos e não-fibrosos (Beuvink et al, 1992;Schofield et al, 1995;Hall et al, 1998;Stefanon et al, 1995). Desse modo, procedeu-se aos seguintes cálculos:…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Avaliação nutricional da grama-estrela cv. Africana para vacas leiteiras em condições de pastejo

Favoreto¹,

Deresz

Fernandes³

et al. 2008

R. Bras. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO -Objetivou-se avaliar nutricionalmente a grama-estrela ( Cynodon nlemfuensis) cv. Africana utilizada sob pastejo rotacionado por vacas leiteiras. Dez vacas mestiças foram manejadas em 2 ha de grama-estrela e divididas em 11 piquetes/ha. O período de pastejo foi de três dias e os 30 subseqüentes foram destinados à recuperação da pastagem. Durante o período experimental, os animais foram ordenhados duas vezes ao dia e receberam suplementação com 2 kg de concentrado. Amostras representativas do pasto ingeridas (extrusa) foram colhidas para determinação de sua composição nutricional. O consumo de matéria seca (MS) pelos animais foi estimado utilizando-se cromo e a MS indigestível como indicadores externo e interno. O desempenho individual das vacas foi avaliado pela produção de leite diária e pela pesagem dos animais. A dinâmica da matéria alimentar foi estimada com base nas técnicas in vitro gravimétricas, de produção cumulativa de gases da fermentação microbiana e da estimativa da cinética de passagem das fases sólida e líquida. A quantidade de energia líquida total (ELt), em MJ/dia, atendeu à demanda energética exigida pelos animais. Os valores de proteína metabolizável (PM) preditos corresponderam ao suprimento de 91% da PM exigida por esses animais. As predições das exigências em macrominerais atenderam apenas 75% do Ca exigido, mas atenderam às exigências dos demais macrominerais. A grama-estrela atende à demanda energética nutricional de mantença e produção de 11,7 kg de leite por dia. Nas circunstâncias estudadas, é necessário suplementar nutrientes que complementem a PM e Ca não atendidos completamente. O teor e as características cinéticas da fibra não causam repleção ruminal e restrição sobre o consumo de vacas leiteiras em pastejo.Palavras-chave: análise bromatológica, desempenho animal, forragem tropical Nutritional analysis of stargrass cv. Africana for dairy cattle under rotational grazingABSTRACT -An nutritional analysis of stargrass cv. Africana fed dairy cattle under rotational grazing was evaluated in this research. Ten Holstein-Zebu crossbred cows were managed in 2 ha covered with the grass and divided in 11 paddocks /ha with three grazing days 30 days of resting period. During the experimental period the animals were milked twice a day for 16 days and were feed two kg of concentrate. Representative samples of the pasture consumed (extrusa) were taken and determined the nutritional composition. The dray matter intake of the animals was estimated by means of chromium and indigestible DM as external and internal markers. The individual performance of the cows was evaluated by daily milk production and by weighting the animals. The food matter dynamics was estimated with gravimetric in vitro techniques, cumulative gas production from microbial fermentation and estimates of the passage kinetics of solid end liquid phases. The amount of total net energy (NEt) in MJ/d meet the energetic requirement by the animals. The predicted values for metabolizable protein (MP) corresponded to the supply of ...

show abstract

“…The concentration of acetate decreased with days for both substrates (9% for oligofructose and 19% for soya pectin, data not shown), suggesting a decrease in acetogenic bacteria, which results in less gas production. It is known that gas production depends on the composition of SCFA and acetate yields the largest amounts of gas (Beuvink and Spoelstra, 1992). A reason for the decrease in OMCV and the shift in SCFA metabolism could be that the microbiota in the LH-treatment was initially adapted to high concentrations of readily fermentable substrates available in the low fibre diet, which decreased after the diet change and led to a different microbiota composition producing less gas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptation of faecal microbiota in sows after diet changes and consequences for in vitro fermentation capacity

Sappok

Gutiérrez

Smidt

et al. 2015

Animal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vitro gas production studies are routinely used to assess the metabolic capacity of intestinal microbiota to ferment dietary fibre sources. The faecal inocula used during the in vitro gas production procedure are most often obtained from animals adapted to a certain diet. The present study was designed to assess whether 19 days of adaptation to a diet are sufficient for faecal inocula of pigs to reach a stable microbial composition and activity as determined by in vitro gas production. Eighteen multiparous sows were allotted to one of two treatments for three weeks: a diet high in fibre (H) or a diet low in fibre (L). After this 3-week period, the H group was transferred to the low fibre diet (HL-treatment) while the L group was transferred to the diet high in fibre (LH-treatment). Faecal samples were collected from each sow at 1, 4, 7, 10, 13, 16 and 19 days after the diet change and prepared as inoculum used for incubation with three contrasting fermentable substrates: oligofructose, soya pectin and cellulose. In addition, inocula were characterised using a phylogenetic microarray targeting the pig gastrointestinal tract microbiota. Time after diet change had an effect ( P < 0.05) on total gas production for the medium-fast fermentable substrates; soya pectin and oligofructose. For the more slowly fermentable cellulose, all measured fermentation parameters were consistently higher ( P < 0.05) for animals in the HL-treatment. Diet changes led to significant changes in relative abundance of specific bacteria, especially for members of the Bacteroidetes and Bacilli, which, respectively, increased or decreased for the LH-treatment, while changes were opposite for the HL-treatment. Changing the diet of sows led to changes in fermentation activity of the faecal microbiota and in composition of the microbiota over time. Adaptation of the microbiota as assessed by gas production occurred faster for LH-animals for fast fermentable substrates compared with HL-animals. Overall, adaptation of the large intestinal microbiota of sows as a result of ingestion of low and high fibre diets seems to take longer than 19 days, especially for the ability to ferment slowly fermentable substrates.

show abstract

Interactions between substrate, fermentation end-products, buffering systems and gas production upon fermentation of different carbohydrates by mixed rumen microorganisms in vitro

Cited by 133 publications

References 13 publications

Nutrient Digestibility and Gas Production of Some Tropical Feeds Used in Ruminant Diets Estimated by the in vivo and in vitro Gas Production Techniques

Nutrient Digestibility and Gas Production of Some Tropical Feeds Used in Ruminant Diets Estimated by the in vivo and in vitro Gas Production Techniques

Avaliação nutricional da grama-estrela cv. Africana para vacas leiteiras em condições de pastejo

Adaptation of faecal microbiota in sows after diet changes and consequences for in vitro fermentation capacity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About