“…There are many empirical studies, like Balaguer and Cantavella-Jorda (2002), Narayan and Prasad (2003), Dritsakis (2004), Gunduz and Hatemi-J (2005), Katircioglu (2009a, b, c, 2010, 2011), Hye and Khan (2013), Bouzahzah and El Menyari (2013), Jalil et al (2013), Kilinc et al (2013), Tang and Abosedra (2014a, b), Al-mulali et al (2014b), Tang and Tan (2015), Brida et al (2016), inter alia, investigating this nexus for different countries or country group cases. The second direction in tourism-related literature is the impact of financial development on tourism growth (Katircioglu et al 2018b, inter alia). The above-mentioned two relationships are not the focus of the current study.…”