Interactions of cellulose- and lignin-derived radicals during pyrolysis: An in-situ Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) study

Ma, Liqun; Syed‐Hassan, Syed Shatir A.; Tong, Yuxing; Xiong, Zhe; Chen, Yuanjing; Xu, Jun; Jiang, Long; Su, Sheng; Hu, Song; Wang, Yi; Xiang, Jun

doi:10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107536

Cited by 16 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…The EPR analyses provide three parameters: the PFR concentration, the g-value, and the line width [107] (Figure 8). PFR concentration is calculated from the double integral of the EPR spectrum and can reflect the content of PFRs in BC [128]. The g-value of PFRs is a constant specific to a particular compound, reflects its hybrid nature, and provides information about the type of radical [129].…”

Section: Persistent Free Radicals (Pfrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-Derived Persistent Free Radicals: A Plethora of Environmental Applications in a Light and Shadows Scenario

Alfei,

Pandoli

2024

Toxics

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Biochar (BC) is a carbonaceous material obtained by pyrolysis at 200−1000 °C in the limited presence of O2 from different vegetable and animal biomass feedstocks. BC has demonstrated great potential, mainly in environmental applications, due to its high sorption ability and persistent free radicals (PFRs) content. These characteristics enable BC to carry out the direct and PFRs-mediated removal/degradation of environmental organic and inorganic contaminants. The types of PFRs that are possibly present in BC depend mainly on the pyrolysis temperature and the kind of pristine biomass. Since they can also cause ecological and human damage, a systematic evaluation of the environmental behavior, risks, or management techniques of BC-derived PFRs is urgent. PFRs generally consist of a mixture of carbon- and oxygen-centered radicals and of oxygenated carbon-centered radicals, depending on the pyrolytic conditions. Here, to promote the more productive and beneficial use of BC and the related PFRs and to stimulate further studies to make them environmentally safer and less hazardous to humans, we have first reviewed the most common methods used to produce BC, its main environmental applications, and the primary mechanisms by which BC remove xenobiotics, as well as the reported mechanisms for PFR formation in BC. Secondly, we have discussed the environmental migration and transformation of PFRs; we have reported the main PFR-mediated application of BC to degrade inorganic and organic pollutants, the potential correlated environmental risks, and the possible strategies to limit them.

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Section: Persistent Free Radicals (Pfrs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-Derived Persistent Free Radicals: A Plethora of Environmental Applications in a Light and Shadows Scenario

Alfei,

Pandoli

2024

Toxics

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“…The thermal decomposition process of lignin in the temperature range of 20°C–900°C is divided into several distinctive steps with different degradation products and complex changes in the material structure ( Talabia et al, 2020 ; Huang et al, 2022 ). It is generally believed that the pyrolysis of lignin mainly occurs via free radical reactions ( Ma et al, 2023 ). In the molecular structure of lignin, the oxygen bridge bonds connecting phenyl-propane units and side chains are easily broken when heated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of lignin-derived carbon aerogels

Jõul,

Järvik,

Lees

et al. 2024

Front. Chem.

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Lignin is considered a valuable renewable resource for building new chemicals and materials, particularly resins and polymers. The aromatic nature of lignin suggests a synthetic route for synthesizing organic aerogels (AGs) similar to the aqueous polycondensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde (FA). The structure and reactivity of lignin largely depend on the severity of the isolation method used, which challenges the development of new organic and carbon materials. Resorcinol aerogels are considered a source of porous carbon material, while lignin-based aerogels also possess great potential for the development of carbon materials, having a high carbon yield with a high specific surface area and microporosity. In the present study, the birch hydrolysis lignin and organosolv lignin extracted from pine were used to prepare AGs with formaldehyde, with the addition of 5-methylresorcinol in the range of 75%–25%, yielding monolithic mesoporous aerogels with a relatively high specific surface area of up to 343.4 m2/g. The obtained lignin-based AGs were further used as raw materials for the preparation of porous carbon aerogels (CAs) under well-controlled pyrolysis conditions with the morphology, especially porosity and the specific surface area, being dependent on the origin of lignin and its content in the starting material.

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Free-radical behaviors of co-pyrolysis of low-rank coal and different solid hydrogen-rich donors: A critical review

Wu,

Guan,

et al. 2023

Chemical Engineering Journal

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Interactions of cellulose- and lignin-derived radicals during pyrolysis: An in-situ Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) study

Cited by 16 publications

References 58 publications

Biochar-Derived Persistent Free Radicals: A Plethora of Environmental Applications in a Light and Shadows Scenario

Biochar-Derived Persistent Free Radicals: A Plethora of Environmental Applications in a Light and Shadows Scenario

Preparation and characterization of lignin-derived carbon aerogels

Free-radical behaviors of co-pyrolysis of low-rank coal and different solid hydrogen-rich donors: A critical review

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